Sensory Basis for Speech Motor Learning

言语运动学习的感觉基础

• 批准号: 10828563
• 负责人: DAVID J OSTRY
• 金额: $ 14.31万
• 依托单位: YALE UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2019-08-01 至 2024-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10828563
• 关键词: Sensory; Basis; Speech; Motor; Learning

Project Summary / Abstract This project will test a new model of speech motor learning that focuses on plasticity in sensory systems and its effects on speech movements and speech perception. The associated experiments are motivated by the results of our preliminary work and each tests a novel hypothesis related to our new model. The studies in Aim 1 use continuous theta-burst transcranial magnetic stimulation to disrupt activity in auditory and somatosensory cortex following speech motor adaptation to test the hypothesis that these sensory areas of the brain are involved in the consolidation of speech motor memory. Aim 2 tests the hypothesis that sensory working memory plays a determining role in speech motor learning. If this is the case, then if brain areas in prefrontal cortex that are associated with sensory working memory are suppressed, both learning and working memory should be impaired. In Aim 3, we test the hypothesis that speech perception is influenced by the repeated pairing of auditory and somatosensory feedback during speech motor learning. If this is the case, then manipulating somatosensory inputs in an experimental model of speech learning, which includes paired somatosensory and auditory signals, should result in subsequent changes to the perceptual classification of speech sounds. Our preliminary work on each of the three aims supports the idea that sensory plasticity plays a key role in speech motor learning and perception, and underscores the need to include these effects in models of speech motor learning. A more complete model of speech motor learning is critical if we are to understand basic mechanisms and develop novel approaches to treatment and rehabilitation for people who are affected by speech motor disorders.

项目摘要 /摘要 该项目将测试一种新的语音运动学习模型，该模型侧重于感官系统中的可塑性 及其对语音运动和语音感知的影响。相关的实验是动机的 根据我们的初步工作的结果，每个工作都检验了与我们的新模型相关的新假设。这 AIM 1的研究使用连续的theta-burst经颅磁刺激来破坏听觉的活性 语音运动适应后的体感皮质，以检验这些感觉的假设 大脑的区域参与语音运动记忆的巩固。 AIM 2检验假设 感官工作记忆在语音运动学习中起着决定性作用。如果是这种情况，那么 与感觉工作记忆相关的前额叶皮层中的大脑区域都被抑制 学习和工作记忆应受到损害。在AIM 3中，我们检验了语音感知的假设 在语音电机期间的听觉和体感反馈的反复配对影响了 学习。如果是这种情况，那么在语音的实验模型中操纵体感输入 学习包括配对的体感和听觉信号，应导致随后的更改 语音的感知分类。我们在三个目标支持的每个目标方面的初步工作 感觉可塑性在语音运动学习和感知中起着关键作用的想法，并强调 需要将这些影响包括在语音运动模型中。更完整的语音模型 如果我们要理解基本机制并开发出新颖的方法，则运动学习至关重要 对受言语运动障碍影响的人进行的治疗和康复。