Sensory Basis for Speech Motor Learning

言语运动学习的感觉基础

• 批准号: 10229385
• 负责人: DAVID J OSTRY
• 金额: $ 49.93万
• 依托单位: HASKINS LABORATORIES, INC.
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2019-08-01 至 2024-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10229385
• 关键词: Affect; Area; Articulators; Auditory; Auditory area; Behavioral; Brain; Brodmann' s area; Classification; Data; Development; Experimental Models; Feedback; Impairment; Intervention; Learning; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Memory; Modeling; Motor; Motor Cortex; Movement; Participant; Pattern; Perception; Play; Prefrontal Cortex; Process; Production; Rehabilitation therapy; Robot; Role; Sensory; Series; Short-Term Memory; Signal Transduction; Somatosensory Cortex; Speech; Speech Perception; Speech Sound; Structure; System; Techniques; Testing; Time; Transcranial magnetic stimulation; Work; behavioral outcome; design; experience; experimental study; face skin; learning network; memory consolidation; motor control; motor disorder; motor learning; neuroimaging; noninvasive brain stimulation; novel; novel strategies; robotic device; sensory system; somatosensory; sound

Project Summary / Abstract This project will test a new model of speech motor learning that focuses on plasticity in sensory systems and its effects on speech movements and speech perception. The associated experiments are motivated by the results of our preliminary work and each tests a novel hypothesis related to our new model. The studies in Aim 1 use continuous theta-burst transcranial magnetic stimulation to disrupt activity in auditory and somatosensory cortex following speech motor adaptation to test the hypothesis that these sensory areas of the brain are involved in the consolidation of speech motor memory. Aim 2 tests the hypothesis that sensory working memory plays a determining role in speech motor learning. If this is the case, then if brain areas in prefrontal cortex that are associated with sensory working memory are suppressed, both learning and working memory should be impaired. In Aim 3, we test the hypothesis that speech perception is influenced by the repeated pairing of auditory and somatosensory feedback during speech motor learning. If this is the case, then manipulating somatosensory inputs in an experimental model of speech learning, which includes paired somatosensory and auditory signals, should result in subsequent changes to the perceptual classification of speech sounds. Our preliminary work on each of the three aims supports the idea that sensory plasticity plays a key role in speech motor learning and perception, and underscores the need to include these effects in models of speech motor learning. A more complete model of speech motor learning is critical if we are to understand basic mechanisms and develop novel approaches to treatment and rehabilitation for people who are affected by speech motor disorders.

项目概要/摘要 该项目将测试一种新的语音运动学习模型，重点关注感觉系统的可塑性 及其对言语运动和言语感知的影响。相关实验的动机 通过我们前期工作的结果，每个测试都测试了与我们的新模型相关的新假设。这 目标 1 中的研究使用连续 θ 突发经颅磁刺激来扰乱听觉活动 和体感皮层遵循言语运动适应来测试这些感觉皮层的假设 大脑区域参与言语运动记忆的巩固。目标 2 检验假设 感觉工作记忆在言语运动学习中起着决定性作用。如果是这种情况，那么如果 前额皮质中与感觉工作记忆相关的大脑区域受到抑制 学习和工作记忆应该受到损害。在目标 3 中，我们检验以下假设：语音感知 受到言语运动过程中听觉和体感反馈重复配对的影响 学习。如果是这种情况，那么在语音实验模型中操纵体感输入 学习，包括成对的体感和听觉信号，应该会导致后续的变化 语音的感知分类。我们对这三个目标中每一个目标的初步工作都支持 感觉可塑性在言语运动学习和感知中发挥关键作用的观点，并强调 需要将这些影响纳入言语运动学习模型中。更完整的语音模型 如果我们要理解基本机制并开发新的方法来实现运动学习，那么运动学习就至关重要。 为患有言语运动障碍的人提供治疗和康复。