Evolution and Emergence of Simian Retroviruses in South Asia

南亚猿猴逆转录病毒的进化和出现

• 批准号: 7449788
• 负责人: Ananias Alberto Escalante
• 金额: $ 76万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2008
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2008-08-01 至 2013-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7449788
• 关键词: Animals; Area; Asia; Bangladesh; Country; Deforestation; Disease; Ecology; Evolution; Genetic; Genetic Recombination; Genetic Variation; Human; Human Activities; Individual; Infection; Infectious Agent; Langurs; Lead; Macaca; Macaca mulatta; Marketing; Measures; Molecular; Ownership; Phylogenetic Analysis; Population; Prevalence; Primates; Probability; Recording of previous events; Research; Retroviridae; Retroviridae Infections; Risk; Saliva; Simian Foamy Virus; Simian Retroviruses; Structure; Time; Type D Retrovirus; Urban Population; Viral; Virus; enzootic; epizootiology; forest; nonhuman primate; recombinant virus; transmission process; virus genetics

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Multiple primate species, including 5 species of macaques (Macaca mulatta, M. nemestrina, M. fascicularis, M. assamensis, M. arctoides) and 3 species of langurs (Semnopithecus entellus, Trachypithecus phayrei, Trachypithecus pileatus) coexist with humans in different areas and ecological contexts (urban primates, temple primates, wildlife markets, pet primates, wild primates) in Bangladesh, one of the most densely populated countries in the world. This coexistence provides ample opportunity for human-primate interaction and poses a risk for cross-species transmission of infectious agents. Our proposed research will investigate the epizootiology, ecology and evolution of two simian retroviruses, simian foamy virus (SFV) and simian type D retrovirus (SRV) in macaques and langurs. We will also measure the prevalence of human infection with SFV and SRV among individuals exposed to macaques and langurs and describe how cross-species transmission may lead to viral recombination and evolution. All of these factors are important for the understanding of the potential emergence of new retroviral zoonotic disease(s).

描述（由申请人提供）：多种灵长类动物，包括 5 种猕猴（Macaca mulatta、M. nemestrina、M. fascicularis、M. assamensis、M. arctoides）和 3 种叶猴（Semnopithecus entellus、Trachypithecus phayrei、Trachypithecus pileatus） ）在不同地区和生态环境中与人类共存（城市灵长类动物、寺庙孟加拉国是世界上人口最稠密的国家之一，其灵长类动物、野生动物市场、宠物灵长类动物、野生灵长类动物）。这种共存为人类与灵长类动物的互动提供了充足的机会，但也带来了传染源跨物种传播的风险。我们提出的研究将调查猕猴和叶猴中两种猿猴逆转录病毒（猿泡沫病毒（SFV）和猿 D 型逆转录病毒（SRV））的流行病学、生态学和进化。我们还将测量接触猕猴和叶猴的个体中 SFV 和 SRV 感染的流行率，并描述跨物种传播如何导致病毒重组和进化。所有这些因素对于了解新的逆转录病毒人畜共患疾病的潜在出现都很重要。