Tobacco Policy Evaluation Across 17 Countries: The ITC Project

17 个国家的烟草政策评估：ITC 项目

• 批准号: 7654421
• 负责人: GEOFFREY T FONG
• 金额: $ 96.23万
• 依托单位: ROSWELL PARK CANCER INSTITUTE CORP
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2009-04-01 至 2014-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7654421
• 关键词: Advertising; Affect; Age; Attitude; Australia; Bangladesh; Behavior; Behavior Control; Belief; Canada; Categories; China; Country; Data; Descriptor; Doctor of Philosophy; Economic Development; Effect Modifiers (Epidemiology); Effectiveness; Epidemic; Evaluation; Exposure to; Family member; France; Funding; Future; Gender; Germany; Health; Income; India; Individual; Individual Differences; Instruction; International; Interview; Ireland; Label; Lead; Light; Link; Low income; Malaysia; Measures; Mediating; Mediation; Mediator of activation protein; Methods; Mexico; Modeling; Natural History; Netherlands; New Zealand; Participant; Patient Self-Report; Personality; Policies; Premature Mortality; Price; Probability Samples; Psychosocial Factor; Regulation; Research; Research Design; Research Personnel; Risk; Sampling; Self Efficacy; Smoke; Smoker; Smoking; Smoking Behavior; Smoking History; Source; South Korea; Specific qualifier value; Staging; Sudan; Surveys; Taxation; Testing; Thailand; Time; Tobacco; Tobacco smoke; Tobacco use; United Kingdom; United States; Uruguay; cohort; design; discount; falls; peer; programs; prospective; public policy on tobacco; smoking cessation; tobacco control

The International Tobacco Control Policy Evaluation Consortium (i.e., ITC Project), was established in 2002 with the aim of applying rigorous evaluation methods to understand the impact of the tobacco control policies implemented as part of the Framework Convention on Tobacco Control (FCTC). The study design combines quasi-experimental methods and theoretically defined mediational models that allow predictions about how specific policies will influence tobacco use beliefs, attitudes and behaviors. FCTC policies that are evaluated as part of the ITC Project include: (a) enhanced warning labels; (b) elimination of "light", "mild" and other misleading descriptors; (c) the reduction or elimination of advertising, promotion, sponsorship of tobacco products; (d) changes in taxation and price, (e) policies to reduce exposure to tobacco smoke; and (f) policy changes relevant to regulation of tobacco products. The ITC Project is now being conducted in 15 countries inhabited by over half of the world's smokers. This application seeks funding to continue the ITC Project evaluation in key middle-income countriesThailand, Malaysia, and Uruguayand to expand the ITC Cohort Survey into India. The application describes our plans for conducting prospective cohort surveys in each country using probability sampling methods as follows: -2,000 in Thailand and Malaysia (using a three- stage sampling design); -1,500 in Uruguay; and 10,000 in India (within 4 states). Sampled participants will be interviewed annually to assess tobacco use behaviors, exposure to specific policies and mediator and moderator variables specified by our conceptual model. We will link the data from these four countries with ongoing ITC Project evaluations in other countries funded by other sources. The proposed study has eight aims, which fall into three broad categories: 1) testing the effectiveness of FCTC policies in different countries; 2) evaluating mediators and moderators of policy effects, and 3) describing the natural history of smoking cessation and the factors that predict smoking and quitting across all of the ITC countries. The requested funding will allow the continuation and extension of the ITC Project into key LMICs to permit us to test the generality of policy effects across differentcountries. RELEVANCE (See instructions): Tobacco use is a major cause of premature mortality and in low and middle-income (LMICs) it constitutes not only a looming health catastrophe but also a drain on economic development. Tobacco control policies implemented through the WHO FCTC represents the best hope to significantly lessen the impact of the tobacco epidemic in LMICs.

国际烟草控制政策评估联盟（即ITC项目）成立于2002年 旨在应用严格的评估方法来了解烟草控制政策的影响 作为《烟草控制框架公约》（FCTC）的一部分实施。研究设计结合了 准实验方法和理论上定义的中介模型可以预测如何 具体政策将影响烟草使用信念、态度和行为。评估的《烟草控制框架公约》政策 作为 ITC 项目的一部分，包括： (a) 增强警告标签； (b) 消除“轻度”、“温和”和其他 误导性的描述符； (c) 减少或消除烟草广告、促销、赞助 产品; (d) 税收和价格的变化， (e) 减少接触烟草烟雾的政策； (f) 政策 与烟草制品监管相关的变化。 ITC项目目前正在15个国家开展 世界上一半以上的吸烟者居住在该地区。此申请寻求资金以继续 ITC 项目 对主要中等收入国家泰国、马来西亚和乌拉圭进行评估并扩大 ITC 印度队列调查。该申请描述了我们在以下地区进行前瞻性队列调查的计划： 每个国家使用概率抽样方法如下：泰国和马来西亚为-2,000（使用三- 阶段抽样设计）；乌拉圭-1,500；印度有 10,000 人（4 个邦内）。抽样参与者将 每年接受采访，以评估烟草使用行为、接触特定政策和调解员以及 我们的概念模型指定的调节变量。我们将把这四个国家的数据与 由其他来源资助的其他国家正在进行的 ITC 项目评估。拟议的研究有八项 目标，分为三大类：1）测试 FCTC 政策在不同领域的有效性 国家； 2) 评估政策效果的中介因素和调节因素，以及 3) 描述政策影响的自然历史 所有 ITC 国家的戒烟情况以及预测吸烟和戒烟的因素。这 所申请的资金将使 ITC 项目得以继续并扩展到主要的中低收入国家，从而使我们能够 测试不同国家政策效果的普遍性。 相关性（参见说明）： 烟草使用是过早死亡的一个主要原因，而在低收入和中等收入 (LMIC) 中，它不构成过早死亡的主要原因。 这不仅是迫在眉睫的健康灾难，而且还对经济发展造成消耗。烟草控制政策 通过世界卫生组织《烟草控制框架公约》实施是显着减轻影响的最大希望 中低收入国家的烟草流行。