International Tobacco Control Policy Survey

国际烟草控制政策调查

• 批准号: 6869130
• 负责人: GEOFFREY T FONG
• 金额: $ 59.74万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF WATERLOO
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2005
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2005-05-06 至 2008-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6869130
• 关键词: advertising; attitude; behavioral /social science research tag; clinical research; geographic difference; health behavior; health care policy; health education; health related legal; health services research tag; health surveys; international cooperation; longitudinal human study; public opinion; questionnaires; smoking; smoking cessation; social psychology; statistics /biometry; tobacco abuse prevention

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The broad objective of the proposed project is to evaluate and understand the psychosocial and behavioral effects of several national-level tobacco control policies that are scheduled or likely to be implemented in at least one of the four largest English-speaking countries--United States, Canada, United Kingdom, and Australia--over the next three years. In a prospective cohort design, the participants are 2,000+ adult smokers in each country (total N=9,013) who respond to a 45-minute telephone survey every 8 months for 5 years. The ITC survey had its successful launch in Fall 2002 and second wave in Summer 2003, and funds are being requested to continue support for Years 3-5. The survey includes measures of smoking behavior, psychosocial predictors of smoking and quitting, and policy-relevant variables in five major policy domains: (1) enhancement of warning labels, (2) elimination or restriction of the terms "light" or "mild" as cigarette brand descriptors, (3) elimination or restrictions on advertising and promotion of tobacco products, (4) changes in price and taxation, and (5) alternative nicotine products (e.g., products that heat, rather than burn, tobacco). The quasi-experimental design includes both between-country controls and within-country controls and will thus allow rigorous tests of national-level policies that heretofore have not been systematically evaluated. There are 7 specific aims: (1) to examine whether a policy introduced in one country will affect self-reported smoking behavior, in comparison to other countries where that policy is not changing, (2) to examine whether a policy introduced in one country will enhance policy-relevant psychosocial variables, that is, those that are closely related to the policy, in comparison to other countries where that policy is not changing, (3) to examine whether a policy introduced in one country will lead to enhance levels of psychosocial variables known to be related to smoking and quitting behavior, in comparison to other countries where that policy is not changing, (4) to examine whether the effects of tobacco control policies may be offset by compensatory behaviors (e.g., price increases leading to shifts toward discount brands rather than to quitting), (5) to examine whether the effects of tobacco control policies are moderated by situational and individual-difference factors, (6) to identify the psychosocial mechanisms that may explain how tobacco control policies achieve (or fail to achieve) their goals, and (7) to identify similarities and differences across the four countries in the factors that relate to smoking and cessation. This project has considerable time urgency because of the recently adopted Framework Convention on Tobacco Control-the first-ever international treaty on health-which will obligate over 190 countries (over 90% of the world's population) to tobacco control policies that will be evaluated by this project, and has the potential to inform future tobacco control policies throughout the world.

描述（申请人提供）：拟议项目的广泛目标是评估和理解几种国家级别的烟草控制政策的心理和行为影响，这些烟草控制政策被安排或可能在至少四个最大的英语国家之一，即在接下来的三年中，至少在四个最大的英语国家之一，加拿大，英国金陆和澳大利亚 - 澳大利亚和澳大利亚。在预期的队列设计中，参与者是每个国家的2,000多名成年吸烟者（总计n = 9,013），他们每8个月每8个月对45分钟的电话调查做出回应。 ITC调查在2002年秋季成功推出，并于2003年夏季进行了第二波浪潮，并要求资金继续支持3 - 5年。该调查包括吸烟行为的措施，吸烟和戒烟的心理社会预测因素以及五个主要政策领域中的政策相关变量：（1）警告标签的增强，（2）消除或限制术语“轻”或“轻度”作为卷烟品牌的书信者，（（3）取消或限制的广告和替代产品（3）替代产品和替代产品（4）（4）（4）（4）（4）（4）（4）（4）（4）（4）（4）（4）（4）（4）（4）（4）（4）（4）（4）（4）（4）（4）（4）（4）（4）（4）（4）（4）（4）（4）（4）（4）（4）（4）（4）（4）（4）（4）（4）（4）（4）（4）（4）（4）（4）（4）（4）（4）（4）（4）（4）（4）（4）（4）（4）产品（例如，烟草而不是燃烧的产品）。准实验设计既包括国家之间的控制措施和国家内部控制措施，因此将允许对未经系统评估的国家级政策进行严格测试。有7个具体目的：（1）检查一个国家引入的政策是否会影响自我报告的吸烟行为，与其他政策没有改变的国家相比，（2）检查一个国家引入的政策是否会增强与政策相比，与其他国家相比，与其他国家相比，与其他国家相比，（3）是否会增强与政策相关的国家（3）（3）是否会增强（3）（3）（3）与其他政策没有变化的国家相比，（4）检查烟草控制政策的影响是否可能被补偿行为所抵消（例如，价格增加，导致折扣品牌而不是戒烟）是否会因戒烟而逐一（5），（5）是否会效果（5），（5）是否会效果（5），（5确定可以解释烟草控制政策如何实现（或未能实现）目标的社会心理机制，以及（7）在与吸烟和戒烟有关的因素中确定四个国家的相似性和差异。该项目具有相当大的紧迫性，因为最近采用了有关烟草控制的框架公约 - 有史以来第一个关于健康的国际条约 - 将有义务超过190个国家（超过90％的世界人口），以通过该项目评估该项目，并有潜力为未来的烟草控制政策提供烟草控制政策。