Integrated Spatio-Temporal Aggregate Data Series

综合时空聚合数据系列

• 批准号: 7676869
• 负责人: Steve Ruggles
• 金额: $ 58.85万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2008
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2008-09-01 至 2013-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7676869
• 关键词: Address; American; Area; Behavior; Behavioral Research; Categories; Censuses; Cessation of life; Collection; Communities; County; Criminology; Data; Data Aggregation; Data Collection; Data Element; Data Set; Databases; Disease; Documentation; Ecosystem; Ensure; Epidemiology; Fertility; Foundations; Funding; Geographic Information Systems; Geographic Locations; Geography; Health; Human; Imagery; Incidence; Investments; Knowledge; Medical; Metadata; Minnesota; Mission; Modeling; Nature; Pattern; Population; Populations at Risk; Poverty; Public Health; Recording of previous events; Research; Research Infrastructure; Research Personnel; Research Project Grants; Rural; Science; Series; Small-Area Analysis; Social Sciences; Source; Suburbanization; System; Time; United States; United States National Institutes of Health; Universities; Variant; Vital Statistics; Work; data integration; design; digital; environmental justice; human population dynamics; indexing; innovation; mortality; population health; public health relevance; segregation; spatial temporal variation; statistics; usability; web based interface

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Project Summary This project will create and freely disseminate an Integrated Spatio-Temporal Aggregate Data Series (ISTADS) for the United States covering the years between 1790 and 2010. To reduce barriers to research, the project will build an integrated database that will enable researchers to undertake consistent analyses of spatial and temporal variation across thousands of small geographic areas from the first decades of the republic to the present. The project entails five complementary tasks. 1. Expand an existing spatio-temporal database to include newly-available aggregate census data from several sources and add county-level vital statistics. 2. Design an efficient metadata system that will identify comparable data elements across censuses. This metadata will build on recent innovations in the design of data integration metadata developed at the University of Minnesota and elsewhere. 3. Construct integrated statistical tables spanning between two and twenty-three censuses with closely comparable categories in each census year, allowing easy analysis of change over time. 4. Create integrated geographic units that maximize cross-temporal comparability through aggregation and interpolation. 5. Provide a web-based interface to data and metadata so that users can easily identify data that are comparable across time and can export multi-year merged datasets suitable for statistical analysis and visualization, and incorporate the statistical data and corresponding shapefiles into a GIS system or statistical package. This is basic infrastructure for population and health research and it is urgently needed. The ready availability of integrated aggregate census data in a GIS framework will offer opportunities to address a broad range of research problems. Key areas include residential segregation and settlement patterns; suburbanization and urban sprawl; rural depopulation; concentration of poverty; causes and levels of change in ecosystems; criminology; and environmental justice. Virtually all of these topics have important implications for public health. It is now exceedingly difficult for investigators to analyze small area data in a consistent way across time. By creating the infrastructure to access this vast collection, the data series will allow researchers for the first time to address simultaneously the broad sweep of time and the detail of spatial organization. This power to analyze variation in human behavior simultaneously across both time and space will stimulate innovation across fields ranging from history to epidemiology. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: The proposed database is directly relevant to the central mission of the National Institutes of Health as the steward of medical and behavioral research for the nation; this infrastructure will advance fundamental knowledge about the nature of human population dynamics and will spark new health-related research. Researchers will have access to a vast collection of aggregate data including detailed fertility and mortality statistics for the period since 1900 that will allow new studies that address simultaneously the broad sweep of time and the detail of spatial organization.

描述（由申请人提供）：项目摘要该项目将创建并自由传播一个涵盖1790年至2010年之间的美国的集成时空汇总数据系列（ISTADS）（ISTADS）。为了减少研究障碍，该项目将建立一个集成的数据库，该数据库将使研究人员能够进行一致的分析，从而逐渐分析了跨较小的跨越分析的综合分析。 该项目需要五个互补任务。 1。扩展现有的时空数据库，以包括来自多个来源的新可用的人口普查数据，并添加县级的生命统计数据。 2。设计一个有效的元数据系统，该系统将确定跨普查的可比数据元素。这个元数据将基于在明尼苏达大学和其他地方开发的数据整合设计元数据的最新创新。 3.构造统计表的构造统计表跨越了两个至23个人口普查，在每个人口普查年中具有非常可比较的类别，从而可以随着时间的推移轻松分析变化。 4。创建集成的地理单元，通过聚合和插值最大化跨阶段的可比性。 5。提供基于Web的界面到数据和元数据，以便用户可以轻松地识别出在时间上可比的数据，并且可以导出适合统计分析和可视化的多年合并数据集，并将统计数据和相应的ShapeFiles合并到GIS系统或统计包中。 这是针对人口和健康研究的基本基础设施，迫切需要。 GIS框架中综合总普查数据的现成可用性将为解决广泛的研究问题提供机会。关键领域包括住宅隔离和定居方式；郊区化和城市蔓延；农村人口流失；贫穷的集中；生态系统的原因和变化水平；犯罪学；和环境正义。几乎所有这些主题对公共卫生都有重要影响。现在，研究人员很难以一致的方式分析小面积数据。通过创建基础架构以访问这一庞大的收藏，数据系列将使研究人员首次同时解决广泛的时间和空间组织的细节。在时间和空间之间同时分析人类行为变异的这种能力将刺激从历史到流行病学等领域的创新。公共卫生相关性：拟议的数据库与美国国立卫生研究院的核心任务直接相关，作为国家医学和行为研究的管家；这种基础设施将促进有关人类动态性质的基本知识，并引发与健康相关的新研究。研究人员将可以访问大量的总数据，包括自1900年以来该时期的详细生育能力和死亡率统计数据，这将允许新的研究，以同时解决广泛的时间和空间组织的细节。