Maximizing flexibility: Optimized neural probes and electronics for long term, high bandwidth recordings

最大限度地提高灵活性：优化的神经探针和电子设备可实现长期、高带宽记录

• 批准号: 10687537
• 负责人: Loren M Frank
• 金额: $ 7.06万
• 依托单位: RICE UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2020-09-01 至 2024-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10687537
• 关键词: 3-Dimensional; Address; Anatomy; Animal Model; Animals; Area; Behavior; Brain; Brain region; Callithrix; Characteristics; Chronic; Cicatrix; Cognition; Collection; Communities; Complex; Computer software; Development; Devices; Dimensions; Disease; Electrodes; Electronics; Electrophysiology (science); Feedback; Heterogeneity; Hour; Image; Imaging Techniques; Implant; Individual; Laboratories; Longevity; Macaca mulatta; Measurement; Mission; Modality; Modeling; Mus; Nerve Degeneration; Neurologic; Neurons; Neurosciences; Operative Surgical Procedures; Optical Methods; Optics; Pattern; Perception; Performance; Polymers; Population; Public Health; Rattus; Research; Research Personnel; Resolution; Site; Spices; Structure; System; Techniques; Technology; Testing; Thick; Time; Tissues; United States National Institutes of Health; Utah; Work; biomaterial compatibility; cell type; density; design; disorder prevention; experience; flexibility; imaging modality; implantation; improved; in vivo; in vivo evaluation; information processing; innovation; instrumentation; lithography; millisecond; minimally invasive; nanoelectronics; neural circuit; neuromechanism; new technology; optical imaging; relating to nervous system; scale up; success; temporal measurement; tool; user-friendly

The brain is a massively interconnected network of specialized circuits. Three characteristics of these circuits make them particularly challenging: diversity of time scales, diversity of spatial scales, and heterogeneity. Understanding the brain therefore requires spanning these temporal and spatial scales and providing information about cell-types. We need to be able to record the activity of individual neurons across time to understand activity patterns on a millisecond timescale and how those patterns evolve with experience across hours, days, months and even years. We need to be able to record throughout a cortical region, spanning both different parts of the region as well as all layers, to understand both local and distributed information processing. We also need to be able to combine these dense and distributed recordings with imaging to take advantage of the complementary strengths of electrical and optical measurements. This is hindered by multiple challenges: 1) Current approaches lack the spatial extent (spanning multiple structures) required to examine three-dimensional or distributed networks in detail. 2) Current electrophysiological approaches (which do provide the millisecond resolution) typically lack the necessary lifetime to follow long-term dynamics. 3) Current electrophysiological approaches use rigid electrodes that are ill-suited to use with imaging techniques. The overall objective of this project is to optimize a suite of complementary technologies that can address these challenges for the community and make them ready for common use by the neuroscience community. Our central hypothesis is that our recently developed nanoelectronic thread (NET) devices, which have demonstrated biocompatibility, in vivo function longevity, high quality unit recording and compatibility with optical methods, are a potentially ideal candidate for understanding patterns of brain activity. We plan to develop a selection of NET probes and high-density arrays that are suitable for multiple brain regions in different spices. We will engage expert neuroscientists, allowing us to develop and optimize NETs that work across mouse, rat and marmoset, and to expedite the delivery of resulting technologies to the scientific community. We will pursue the following three specific aims: 1) To optimize NET probes for various brain regions and species.; 2) To optimize NET probes for high-density regional and distributed recordings; and 3) To determine the best devices for each species and brain regions. The approach is innovative, because the technology we will develop and put into common use has the potential to drive innovation throughout the field, enabling new, very high density recording studies and allowing investigators to track large ensembles of neurons in unprecedented details and time duration.

大脑是一个大规模相互联系的专业电路网络。这些电路的三个特征 使它们特别具有挑战性：时间尺度的多样性，空间尺度的多样性和异质性。 因此，了解大脑需要跨越这些时间和空间尺度并提供信息 关于细胞类型。我们需要能够在时间上记录单个神经元的活动以了解活动 毫秒时间尺度上的模式以及这些模式如何随着时间，几天，几个月的经验而发展 甚至几年。我们需要能够在整个皮质区域进行记录，跨越该区域的两个不同部分 区域以及所有层，都可以了解本地和分布式信息处理。我们还需要 能够将这些致密和分布式记录与成像结合起来，以利用互补 电和光学测量的强度。这受到多个挑战的阻碍：1）当前的方法 缺乏检查三维或分布所需的空间范围（跨越多个结构） 网络详细。 2）当前的电生理方法（确实提供了毫秒的分辨率） 通常缺乏遵循长期动态的必要寿命。 3）当前的电生理方法 使用不适合与成像技术一起使用的刚性电极。该项目的总体目标是 优化一套可以满足社区挑战并制造这些挑战的补充技术 他们准备好用于神经科学社区的共同用途。我们的中心假设是我们最近 开发的纳米电源线（NET）设备，具有生物相容性，体内功能 寿命，高质量单位记录以及与光学方法的兼容性，是潜在的理想候选人 了解大脑活动的模式。我们计划开发一系列净探针和高密度阵列 适用于不同香料中的多个大脑区域。我们将吸引专家神经科学家，允许我们 开发和优化跨鼠标，老鼠和果泥的网络，并加快交付 导致科学界的技术。我们将追求以下三个具体目标：1）优化 各种大脑区域和物种的净探针。 2）优化高密度区域和 分布式记录； 3）确定每个物种和大脑区域的最佳设备。方法 具有创新性，因为我们将开发和投入共同使用的技术有可能驱动 整个领域的创新，实现了新的，非常高的密度记录研究，并允许研究人员 在前所未有的细节和时间持续时间中跟踪神经元的大合奏。