Dissecting modular and redundant organization of cortical circuits

剖析皮质电路的模块化和冗余组织

基本信息

批准号：
10657919
负责人：
Shaul Druckmann
金额：
$ 208.14万
依托单位：
BAYLOR COLLEGE OF MEDICINE
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2023
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2023-04-17 至 2026-03-31
项目状态：
未结题

项目摘要

Abstract In many cognitive processes, information is processed in a parallel manner across many brain regions. This is thought to make our cognitive abilities highly tolerant to perturbations or neuron-loss because disrupted processes are compensated by other redundant neurons coding the same information. Yet, it remains poorly understood how interconnected networks of neurons are organized into redundant representations to produce robustness. We recently discovered that persistent activity in mouse frontal cortex during short-term memory is remarkably robust to perturbations. The two hemispheres of cortex are organized into redundant modules where each one can independently maintain persistent activity. When one suffers a perturbation, signals from the other hemisphere help restore the activity. Modularity and redundancy may be a general organizing principle of information processing and storage in cortical circuits. Understanding the neurobiology of this novel and potentially fundamental organizing principle will have deep implications for design of neural manipulation strategies and understanding behavioral manifestation of chronic neurodegeneration. In the proposed research, we will establish and validate a novel framework that combines computational modeling, population recording, and targeted optogenetic perturbations to identify, probe, and chronically track modular organization of cortical circuits. Our goal is to dissect redundant modular organizations within and across brain areas, obtain a deeper understanding of how multiple redundant modules coordinate information to support robust behavior, and how such modular organization is shaped by learning to manifests in robust behavior.

抽象的在许多认知过程中，信息在许多大脑区域以并行方式处理。这是被认为使我们的认知能力对扰动或神经元损失具有高度耐受性，因为受到干扰过程由编码相同信息的其他冗余神经元进行补偿。然而，情况仍然不佳了解互连的神经元网络如何组织成冗余表示以产生鲁棒性。我们最近发现，短期记忆期间小鼠额叶皮层的持续活动与对扰动非常鲁棒。皮层的两个半球被组织成冗余模块，其中每个人都可以独立地维持持久的活动。当一个人受到干扰时，另一个人会发出信号帮助恢复半球的活动。模块化和冗余可能是一般的组织原则皮层回路中的信息处理和存储。了解这部小说的神经生物学潜在的基本组织原则将对神经操纵的设计产生深远的影响策略和理解慢性神经退行性变的行为表现。在拟议的研究中，我们将建立并验证一个新颖的框架，该框架结合了计算建模、人口记录、和有针对性的光遗传学扰动来识别、探测和长期跟踪皮质的模块化组织电路。我们的目标是剖析大脑区域内部和跨大脑区域的冗余模块化组织，获得更深入的了解了解多个冗余模块如何协调信息以支持鲁棒行为，以及如何这种模块化组织是通过学习体现在稳健的行为中而形成的。