Addressing disparities in tobacco-related diseases by understanding the tobacco industry strategies

通过了解烟草业战略来解决烟草相关疾病的差异

• 批准号: 10390968
• 负责人: STELLA AGUINAGA BIALOUS
• 金额: $ 66.57万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2022-08-01 至 2027-07-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10390968
• 关键词: Accounting; Address; Businesses; Cannabis; Cause of Death; Cessation of life; Collaborations; Communication; Communities; Devices; Diffusion; Diffusion of Innovation; Disease; Educational Background; Electronic cigarette; Environment; Face; Future; Gender; Harm Reduction; Health Policy; Health Professional; Hearing; Housing; Industry; Intervention; Interview; JUUL; Legitimacy; Libraries; Malignant Neoplasms; Marketing; Minority; Minority Groups; Morbidity - disease rate; Motivation; Nicotine; Parents; Pharmacologic Substance; Policies; Politics; Poverty; Provider; Public Health; Publishing; Reduce health disparities; Regulation; Reporting; Research; Research Personnel; Resources; Risk; Sales; Sex Orientation; Smoking; Social Policies; Tobacco; Tobacco Industry; Tobacco use; Tobacco-Related Carcinoma; Vaporizer; Vulnerable Populations; Work; burden of illness; disparity reduction; ethnic minority; experience; health disparity; health equity; health equity promotion; heated tobacco products; informant; innovation; minority communities; mortality; news; nicotine use; novel; programs; public policy on tobacco; racial and ethnic; tobacco control; tobacco flavor; tobacco products; vaping; vector

ABSTRACT Tobacco use is the leading preventable cause of death and is responsible for a third of cancer deaths in the US. Tobacco-induced diseases and mortality are not equally distributed. Racial, ethnic, gender and sexual orientation minorities, as well as those living below the poverty line and with lower levels of education, have disproportionately higher rates of tobacco use and higher rates of tobacco-induced cancers. Tobacco control policies to date have not adequately addressed these inequities. The tobacco industry is the vector of tobacco- induced disparities. Therefore, reducing the burden of tobacco-induced disparities requires understanding how the industry targets minority communities and cultivates social, policy, and regulatory environments favorable to tobacco use. This understanding is ever more important as the landscape of tobacco products is evolving rapidly as tobacco companies expand their portfolio of products and reposition themselves as providers of tobacco harm reduction. The number and diversity of tobacco and nicotine products is increasing to include electronic cigarettes, electronic pod devices, heated tobacco products, and other nicotine vaporizers. Tobacco and the electronic cigarette companies are also expanding into the cannabis business. The impact of this expansion in exacerbating existing tobacco-related disparities is unknown. Policymakers face a new challenge in promoting tobacco-related health equity: responding to tobacco industry opposition to regulation while developing interventions appropriate for novel tobacco products, and increasingly, cannabis products sold by the same companies. However, local policy innovations are being implemented. We will explore how policymakers consider different policies in attempting to decrease health disparities. We will use industry documents, key informant interviews, publicly available policy documents (e.g., public hearings), published reports, and news media, to pursue three Specific Aims: 1)Analyze evolving tobacco industry strategies, in collaboration with third parties and allied industries, to influence public health policies and tobacco product regulations in ways that exacerbate health disparities; 2)Understand tobacco industry marketing strategies that seek to normalize nicotine use (including in new tobacco and nicotine products) and communicate claims of reduced risk, and how these target racial/ethnic minorities and other vulnerable groups; and 3) Analyze innovative local- and state-level tobacco and cannabis policies to understand how diffusion of these policies and interaction between them can support the reduction of tobacco-related health disparities and promote equity. This unique scientific contribution can inform future public health programmatic, policy, and regulatory strategies addressing the evolving industry and products while focusing on health equity.

抽象的 烟草使用是可预防的死亡原因，是造成三分之一的癌症死亡的原因 我们。烟草引起的疾病和死亡率并非平等分布。种族，种族，性别和性 定位少数民族以及生活在贫困线以下和受教育程度较低的少数民族， 烟草使用率不成比例的较高，烟草引起的癌症发生率更高。烟草控制 迄今为止的政策还没有充分解决这些不平等。烟草业是烟草的媒介 诱发差异。因此，减轻烟草引起的差异的负担需要了解 该行业针对少数民族社区并培养社会，政策和监管环境 用于烟草使用。这种理解越来越重要，因为烟草产品的景观正在发展 随着烟草公司扩大其产品组合的迅速，并将自己重新定位为 减少烟草伤害。烟草和尼古丁产品的数量和多样性正在增加，包括 电子卷烟，电子吊舱设备，加热的烟草产品和其他尼古丁蒸发器。烟草 而且电子卷烟公司也在扩展到大麻业务。这个影响 加剧现有烟草相关差距的扩展是未知的。决策者面临一个新的挑战 在促进与烟草相关的健康公平方面：应对烟草行业对监管的反对 开发适合新型烟草产品的干预措施，以及越来越多的大麻产品出售 同一公司。但是，正在实施本地政策创新。我们将探讨如何 政策制定者在试图减少健康差异时考虑了不同的政策。我们将使用行业 文件，主要线人访谈，公开可用的政策文件（例如，公开听证会），已发布 报告和新闻媒体追求三个具体目标：1）分析不断发展的烟草行业策略 与第三方和联盟行业的合作，以影响公共卫生政策和烟草产品 以加剧健康差异的方式； 2）了解烟草行业营销策略 寻求将尼古丁使用归一化（包括在新的烟草和尼古丁产品中），并传达有关的主张 降低了风险，以及这些目标如何针对种族/族裔少数民族和其他弱势群体； 3）分析 创新的地方和州级烟草和大麻政策，以了解这些政策的扩散 它们之间的相互作用可以支持减少与烟草相关的健康差异并促进 公平。这种独特的科学贡献可以为未来的公共卫生计划，政策和监管提供信息 在关注健康公平的同时，针对不断发展的行业和产品的策略。