Effects of Social Networks and Policy Context on Health among Older Sexual and Gender Minorities in the US South

社交网络和政策环境对美国南部老年性少数群体健康的影响

• 批准号: 10471173
• 负责人: Tara McKay
• 金额: $ 36.29万
• 依托单位: VANDERBILT UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2019-09-15 至 2024-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10471173
• 关键词: Address; Adult; Affect; Age; Aging; Area; Buffers; California; Cities; Communities; Data; Discrimination; Ego; Ensure; Event; Family; Feeling; Gender Identity; Goals; Health; Heterogeneity; Heterosexuals; Individual; Legal; Lesbian Gay Bisexual Transgender; Life; Life Cycle Stages; Life Experience; Link; Literature; Measures; Mediating; Mental Depression; Mental Health; Methodology; Methods; Modeling; Morbidity - disease rate; Names; Online Systems; Outcome; Participant; Pathway Analysis; Patient Self-Report; Pattern; Persons; Policies; Politics; Population; Prevention; Procedures; Process; Public Health; Reduce health disparities; Research; Risk Factors; Sampling; San Francisco; Service provision; Sex Orientation; Sexual and Gender Minorities; Shapes; Site; Social Network; Social Policies; Social support; Structure; Surveys; Testing; Time; United States; Universities; Variant; Violence; Work; aged; base; cisgender; community organizations; data access; disability; disparities in morbidity; experience; gender minority group; improved; individual response; instrument; interest; member; metropolitan; minority health; minority stress; multilevel analysis; negative affect; perceived discrimination; physical conditioning; physically handicapped; protective factors; public health relevance; recruit; research study; response; sexual identity; social; support network

ABSTRACT Older sexual and gender minority (SGM) populations experience significant disparities in morbidity and disability compared with their heterosexual and cisgender counterparts. There are two primary explanations as to why physical health, mental health, and disability outcomes may differ for older SGM adults compared to older heterosexual and cisgender adults: 1) experiences of minority stress that negatively affect health over the life course, and 2) differences in the kind and quality of social networks and support in older age. In this study we develop and test a new conceptual model that integrates these two disparate areas of research by applying a multilevel approach to understanding how minority stress processes work. We contend that social networks mediate the relationship between minority stress and health. Social network effects may be negative, exacerbating the effects of negative life experiences of discrimination or violence by reinforcing feelings of negative marginality relative to dominant societal values and structures. Alternatively, social networks may buffer the effects of negative life experiences among SGM adults whose networks include more positive valuations of SGM identities. To test this model, we will collect in-depth ego-centric network data over three waves from 800 SGM adults aged 50 to 70 years and residing in the metropolitan statistical areas of three midsize cities in the US South: Nashville, TN; Birmingham, AL; and Raleigh, NC. Participants will be recruited using multiple face-to-face, community and targeted online methods in order to ensure inclusion of more isolated individuals or individuals who are less involved with community organizations. Surveys will be administered using a web-based instrument developed specifically for assessing multidimensional aspects of personal networks, physical and mental health, and experiences of minority stress.

抽象的 年龄较大的性和性别少数民族（SGM）人口在 与异性恋和顺式同行相比，发病率和残疾。有 关于身体健康，心理健康和残疾结果的两个主要解释 与年龄较大的异性恋成年人相比，年龄较大的SGM成年人不同：1） 少数派压力的经历会对整个生活中的健康产生负面影响，而2） 社交网络的种类和质量差异和年龄段的支持。在这项研究中，我们 开发和测试一种新的概念模型，该模型整合了这两个不同的研究领域 通过采用多层次方法来了解少数派压力过程的工作方式。我们 争辩说，社交网络调解了少数群体压力与健康之间的关系。社会的 网络效应可能是负面的，加剧了负面生活经历的影响 通过增强相对于主导地位的负边缘性感的歧视或暴力 社会价值观和结构。另外，社交网络可能会缓冲负面的影响 SGM成年人的生活经历，其网络包括SGM的更多积极估值 身份。为了测试此模型，我们将在三个WAVE上收集深入的以自我为中心的网络数据 从50岁到70岁的800名成年人，居住在大都市统计领域 美国南部的三个中型城市：田纳西州纳什维尔；伯明翰，阿拉巴马州；和北卡罗来纳州罗利。 参与者将使用多个面对面，社区和有针对性的在线招募参与者 方法是为了确保包含更少的孤立的个人或个人 参与社区组织。调查将使用基于Web的 专门为评估个人网络的多维方面而开发的工具， 身心健康以及少数压力的经历。