Development of medial efferent mechanisms in children

儿童内侧传出机制的发育

• 批准号: 10470781
• 负责人: Srikanta Mishra
• 金额: $ 32.99万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS AT AUSTIN
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2020-09-01 至 2025-08-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10470781
• 关键词: 12 year old; Acoustics; Adult; Affect; Age; Algorithms; Audiology; Auditory; Auditory Perception; Auditory Threshold; Auditory system; Biological Assay; Brain Stem; Child; Childhood; Clinical; Code; Communication; Complex; Contralateral; Data; Development; Device Designs; Efferent Pathways; Environment; Exhibits; Feedback; Frequencies; Goals; Hearing Aids; Human; Intervention; Ipsilateral; Knowledge; Language Development; Life; Measurement; Measures; Medial; Modeling; Noise; Noise-Induced Hearing Loss; Outcome; Outcome Study; Peripheral; Play; Population; Predisposition; Principal Investigator; Public Health; Research; Role; Signal Transduction; Speech; Speech Perception; Stimulus; System; Techniques; Testing; Time; Work; auditory processing; base; cochlear synaptopathy; design; developmental plasticity; experience; improved; infancy; innovation; insight; noise exposure; novel; relating to nervous system; response; signal processing; sound; theories

PROJECT SUMMARY/ ABSTRACT Efferent feedback—a hallmark of peripheral sound coding—plays a critical role in auditory development and plasticity and offers a potential mechanism for minimizing noise-induced cochlear synaptopathy and supra-threshold perceptual deficits. However, our knowledge of how efferent mechanisms develop in humans is extremely limited. The overarching goal of this research is to understand the development of medial efferent mechanisms in humans and their involvement in auditory development. The objective of the proposed project is to systematically investigate the development of the temporal features of efferent effects. Our central hypothesis is that children exhibit developmental changes in efferent effects as a result of developmental plasticity in the brainstem. Our rationale is that detailed knowledge of how efferents work and develop will lead to a better understanding of the role of efferents in auditory development and perceptual deficits. The proposed project has two specific aims: 1) To determine the development of the efferent sensitivity to temporal fluctuations; and 2) To determine the developmental changes in the temporal dynamics of efferent effects. The proposed work is conceptually innovative because it will provide information on the poorly-understood developmental aspects of efferent effects in the children. The approach involves a compelling mix of sweep-tone OAE measurements with advanced signal processing (time- frequency analysis) techniques. The proposed research will provide significant new knowledge regarding how efferents develop in humans, and has implications for (1) for understanding the involvement of efferents in supra-threshold hearing, (2) forming theories of auditory development, (3) developing OAE-based tests of efferent function for predicting susceptibility to noise-induced hearing loss, (4) constructing accurate auditory models, and (5) designing improved hearing device algorithms. The principal investigator is experienced in conducting this kind of research in the current environment. Overall, the proposed project will make a sustained impact on our understanding of the human efferent system and its development, and on the field of pediatric audiology.

项目摘要/摘要 传出的反馈 - 外围声音编码的标志 - 扮演在听觉中的关键作用 发展和可塑性，并提供了最大程度地减少噪声引起的人工耳蜗的潜在机制 突触病和阈值上的知觉定义。但是，我们对有效的了解 人类发展的机制极为有限。这项研究的总体目标是 了解人类中媒体有效机制的发展及其参与 听觉发展。拟议项目的目的是系统地研究 开发有效效果的临时特征。我们的中心假设是孩子 由于发育可塑性在 脑干。我们的理由是，有关效果如何工作和发展的详细知识将导致 更好地了解效率在听觉发展和感知缺陷中的作用。 拟议项目有两个具体的目标：1）确定对有效敏感性的发展 暂时波动； 2）确定临时动力学的发展变化 有效的效果。拟议的工作在概念上是创新的，因为它将提供有关 对儿童有效影响的发展不足。方法 涉及与先进的信号处理（时间 - 频率分析）技术。拟议的研究将提供重要的新知识 关于人类有效的发展方式，并对（1）了解理解 效率参与上阈值听证会，（2）形成听觉发展理论，（3） 开发基于OAE的有效功能测试，以预测噪声引起的听力的敏感性 损失，（4）构建准确的听觉模型，以及（5）设计改进的听力设备 算法。首席研究者在当前进行此类研究方面经验丰富 环境。总体而言，拟议的项目将对我们对 人类有效的系统及其发展，以及儿科听力学领域。