Medial Olivocochlear Reflex in Children

儿童内侧橄榄耳蜗反射

基本信息

批准号：
9452707
负责人：
Srikanta Mishra
金额：
$ 2.33万
依托单位：
NEW MEXICO STATE UNIVERSITY LAS CRUCES
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2016
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2016-12-01 至 2017-11-30
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Auditory efferents shape afferent auditory processing. The normative features of the medial olivocochlear (MOC) efferent effects and their functional significance in children are not known. Although the MOC reflex is mature around full-term birth, evidence suggests that its strength can be altered through short-term training and experiences. The overall goal of the proposed work is to characterize features of the MOC reflex and investigate its functional significance in auditory perception in typically developing, normal-hearing children. The central hypothesis is that the MOC strength is important for listening in noise during development and that auditory attention plays a prominent role in modulating MOC activity. A combination of perceptual and physiologic (otoacoustic emissions) tests will be used in this project. In Specific Aim 1, the distribution or continuum of the MOC reflex strength, measured via innovative and refined click evoked OAE methods, will be characterized in children. It is predicted that robust measurements of the MOC reflex can be obtained that will allow for observing subtle changes in the MOC reflex due to experimental manipulation. The MOC reflex is expected to show a normal variation in strength from weak to strong across normal hearing children. Further controlling auditory attention is expected to alter the size of th MOC reflex and may reduce the variability among children. Data from adults will be obtained for comparison. In Specific Aim 2, the relationship between the MOC reflex and auditory perception in noise will be investigated in children and adults. Specifically, performance in frequency discrimination in noise will be correlated with the magnitude of the MOC reflex measured in no-task and auditory task conditions. A significant correlation is expected between the strength of the MOC reflex (measured in the auditory task condition) and auditory perception in both children and adults. The long-term goal of the proposed research is to understand the role of efferent mechanisms in auditory perceptual development. The MOC tests developed in this work should be useful both clinically and scientifically in the diagnosis and monitoring of auditor disorders (specifically listening-in-noise deficits), may guide habilitative (training) efforts, an should demonstrate the role of MOC feedback during development.

描述（由适用提供）：听觉效果形状传入听觉处理。尚不清楚内侧橄榄石（MOC）有效作用及其功能意义的正常特征。尽管MOC反射在完整分娩时已经成熟，但有证据表明，可以通过短期培训和经验来改变其力量。拟议工作的总体目标是表征MOC反射的特征，并研究其在典型发展的正常听觉儿童中听觉感知中其功能意义。中心假设是，MOC强度对于在发育过程中聆听噪声很重要，并且听觉注意力在调节MOC活动中起着重要的作用。该项目将使用感知和生理学（耳声排放）测试的组合。在特定的目标1中，通过创新和精制的单击诱发的OAE方法测量的MOC反射强度的分布或连续性将在儿童中进行表征。可以预测，可以获得MOC反射的鲁棒测量值，这将允许观察由于实验性操纵而导致的MOC反射的细微变化。预计MOC反射显示出正常听力儿童的强度从弱到强的正常变化。预计进一步控制听觉的注意力会改变MOC反射的大小，并可能降低儿童的变异性。将获得来自成人的数据进行比较。在特定的目标2中，将研究儿童和成人的MOC反射与听觉感知之间的关系。具体而言，噪声中频率歧视的性能将与在无任务和听觉任务条件下测得的MOC反射的大小相关。在儿童和成人中，MOC反射的强度（在听觉任务条件下测量）与听觉感知之间的强度之间有显着的相关性。拟议研究的长期目标是了解有效机制在听觉感知发展中的作用。这项工作中开发的MOC测试应在临床和科学上在审核员疾病的诊断和监测（特别是噪声缺陷）中有用，可能指导Easel（培训）工作，应该证明MOC反馈在开发过程中的作用。