Data and Methods Core

数据和方法核心

• 批准号: 10456848
• 负责人: Rosalie Liccardo Pacula
• 金额: $ 40.14万
• 依托单位: RAND CORPORATION
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2018-08-15 至 2023-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10456848
• 关键词: Address; Adopted; Code; Communities; Community Health; Complex; Data; Data Sources; Databases; Development; Distance Learning; Educational Materials; Educational workshop; Effectiveness; Ensure; Environment; Epidemic; Equipment and supply inventories; Evaluation; Guidelines; Health; Human Resources; Infrastructure; Literature; Location; Measures; Methodology; Methods; Nature; Opioid; Outcome; Participant; Pathway interactions; Policies; Policy Maker; Policy Research; Process; Public Health; Research; Research Personnel; Research Project Grants; Resource Development; Resources; Review Literature; Role; Scanning; System; Techniques; Testing; TimeLine; Training; Variant; Work; combat; data archive; data repository; data tools; econometrics; education resources; effectiveness study; experience; illicit opioid; innovation; intervention effect; multidisciplinary; opioid epidemic; opioid policy; repository; research study; systematic review; tool; web site

ABSTRACT The opioid crisis is the result of a dynamic process that has been evolving for at least two decades. Tackling the crisis requires a multi-pronged approach that both accounts for illicit opioid markets and carefully considers contributing factors at each stage in the potential pathway from opioid initiation to opioid harms. There has been a substantial increase in research studying the effectiveness and unintended consequences of specific opioid policies and initiatives. However, the complex policy environment, rapidly evolving nature of the crisis, potential interactive effects of concurrently passed policies, as well as variation in policy implementation create significant methodological challenges for policy evaluations. To address these limitations, the objective of the COPR Data and Methods Core (DMC) is twofold: 1) build the essential infrastructure for maximizing the efficiency, consistency, and quality of the data and research throughout COPR; and 2) provide a key resource to the broader scientific community by providing the data needed for policy evaluation, supplying educational resources on necessary additional controls for understanding the opioid environment, and producing information on optimal methodological practices for evaluating opioid policies. The DMC’s multi-disciplinary team will compile multiple databases, undertake multiple causal inference techniques to help develop a set of methodological guidelines to enhance the scientific rigor of opioid policy research, and serve as a valuable resource for the development and dissemination of educational materials related to the Center’s data, methods, and tools. Databases will include findings from a comprehensive review of the literature on the effectiveness of different policy approaches to the opioid crisis, whereby our team will identify and code relevant literature through a systematic review to develop an inventory system for flagging articles of particular types (e.g., using particular causal methods, focused on a particular policy) to support understanding what is currently known and unknown about the effects of interventions aimed at addressing the crisis. We will also assess, gather, and prepare raw policy data, covariates, and outcome data on a state-by-year basis (2000- 2020); this substantial undertaking, which will result in a publicly available comprehensive data repository, will serve as a valuable resource for researchers and the broader scientific community. Leveraging these rich data sources to examine associations between policies, specific policy components, and opioid outcomes, will both provide methodological assistance to Research Projects and facilitate development and testing of new strategies for causal inference. By creating distance learning website, policy briefs, workshop materials, and training materials for the Data Library, methods, and tools coming from the DMC and COPR Projects, we will ensure broad dissemination of critical tools and information through a single resource from which data and methods can be drawn to test innovations as they are implemented at local, state, and federal levels, and to advance our understanding of best research practices and policy efforts to combat the opioid crisis.

抽象的 阿片类药物危机是动态过程至少二十年来发展的结果。解决 危机需要一种多管齐下的方法，这两种方法都占非法阿片类药物市场并认真考虑 从阿片类药物创新到阿片类药物危害的潜在途径中的每个阶段的因素。有 研究特定的有效性和意外后果的研究大幅增加 阿片类药物政策和倡议。但是，复杂的政策环境，危机的迅速发展， 同时通过政策的潜在互动效应以及策略实施的变化创造 政策评估的重大方法论挑战。为了解决这些局限性， COPR数据和方法核心（DMC）是双重的：1）构建基础架构以最大化 整个COPR的数据和研究的效率，一致性和质量； 2）提供关键资源 通过提供政策评估所需的数据，提供教育，向更广泛的科学社区提供 基于必要的其他控制，以了解阿片类药物环境并生产 有关评估阿片类药物政策的最佳方法论实践的信息。 DMC的多学科 团队将编译多个数据库，进行多种因果推理技术，以帮助开发一组 方法论指南，以增强阿片类药物政策研究的科学严谨性，并作为价值 开发和传播与中心数据相关的教育材料的资源， 方法和工具。数据库将包括对有关文献的全面综述的发现 阿片类药物危机的不同政策方法的有效性，我们的团队将识别和编码 相关文献通过系统的审查开发用于标记特定文章的库存系统 类型（例如，使用特定的因果方法，专注于特定策略）来支持理解什么是 目前，旨在解决危机的干预措施的影响和未知。我们也会 评估，收集和准备原始的政策数据，协变量和结果数据（2000- 2020）;这项实质性的工作将导致公开可用的全面数据存储库，将 对于研究人员和更广泛的科学界来说，它是宝贵的资源。利用这些丰富的数据 检查政策，特定政策组成部分和阿片类药物结果之间关联的资料 为研究项目提供方法论帮助，并促进新的开发和测试 因果推论的策略。通过创建远程学习网站，政策简介，研讨会材料以及 来自DMC和COPR项目的数据库，方法和工具的培训材料，我们将 通过单个资源来确保广泛传播关键工具和信息，并从中获得数据和信息 可以在当地，州和联邦一级实施创新时，可以吸引方法来测试创新 促进我们对应对阿片类药物危机的最佳研究实践和政策努力的理解。