Non-invasive approaches to mosquito-borne pathogen surveillance using excreta

利用排泄物监测蚊媒病原体的非侵入性方法

• 批准号: 10369730
• 负责人: Dana C Price
• 金额: $ 18.2万
• 依托单位: RUTGERS, THE STATE UNIV OF N.J.
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2021-03-10 至 2025-02-28
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10369730
• 关键词: Address; Arboviruses; Bacteria; Behavior; Catalogs; Chikungunya virus; Climate; Cold Chains; Collaborations; Collection; Consumption; County; Coupled; Culicidae; Custom; Data; Dengue Fever; Dengue Virus; Detection; Devices; Disease; Disease Outbreaks; Early Diagnosis; Elements; Emerging Communicable Diseases; Ensure; Environment; Epidemic; Eukaryota; Event; Feces; Foundations; Future; Genome; Genomics; Goals; Gravid; Habitats; High Performance Computing; Human; Hydrophobic Surfaces; Infection; Informatics; Libraries; Link; Location; Malaria; Microbe; Molecular Analysis; Molecular Conformation; Monitor; Mosquito Control; Mosquito-borne infectious disease; Nanostructures; New Jersey; Nucleic Acids; Parasites; Persons; Population; Prevalence; Protocols documentation; RNA; RNA Viruses; Reporting; Rural; Sampling; Seasons; Sentinel; Shotguns; Site; Structure; Surface; System; Taxonomy; Techniques; Testing; Time; Tube; Viral; Virus; West Nile virus; Yellow Fever; Zika Virus; base; cluster computing; contig; design; efficacy testing; enzootic; feeding; field study; human disease; instrument; metagenomic sequencing; microbiome; mosquito-borne pathogen; next generation sequencing; novel; pathogen; preservation; programs; prototype; rapid technique; response; scale up; suburb; sugar; vector; vector control; vector mosquito; vector-borne pathogen; virome

Project Summary Mosquito-borne diseases are expanding rapidly across the globe. Recent outbreaks of West Nile, dengue, chikungunya and Zika viruses have sickened hundreds of millions of people, while parasites such as malaria kill over 400,000 annually. The spread of competent vectors and their pathogens to new continents and climates, coupled with the recent rapid global expansion of other novel RNA viruses that infect humans, emphasizes the need for rapid and reliable pathogen surveillance techniques now more than ever. Early detection ensures that vector control efforts are directed to the right location at the right time to avert a potential epidemic. Surveillance and detection of infected mosquitoes is often an early predictor of impending human infection however comes with challenges, including the time involved to sort, identify and extract RNA from large numbers of mosquitoes while maintaining a cold chain. This requires that mosquito surveillance, identification, and pooling precede virus testing. It has recently been shown that mosquitoes with a disseminated infection excrete (as excreta/feces) arbovirus and parasites in concentrations suitable for detection when sampled in the lab. This allows for rapid and non-destructive sampling and pathogen testing, however current field trapping devices are unable to efficiently collect the randomly distributed ca. 1.5 µL excreta droplets. To address this issue, we propose here to design two novel excreta-collecting mosquito traps for host-seeking and ovipositing (or gravid) mosquitoes, respectively, that utilize sugar feeding stations and a custom fabricated collection system composed of a nanostructured superhydrophobic surface to funnel and condense the excreta sample. An appropriate hydrophobic surface conformation will first be selected and tested for efficacy during initial field trials. This prototype will then be scaled up and configured to trap wild mosquito populations while channeling and aggregating excreta produced within the trap to a standard microcentrifuge tube attached externally for quick and easy collection. To test the ability of both devices to effectively sample potential pathogens from trapped mosquitoes, the traps will be deployed across five New Jersey counties spanning a multitude of mosquito habitat in collaboration with county mosquito control agencies. The captured excreta will be subject to metavirome sequencing to identify and assemble genome data from the full breadth of both known and potentially novel RNA viruses in the samples, representing a broad diversity of New Jersey mosquitoes. This project represents a foundational step towards sentinel “mosquito free” surveillance of vector-borne pathogens that will facilitate rapid response to mitigate enzootic outbreaks before they occur.

项目摘要 蚊子传播的疾病在全球范围内迅速扩张。西部最近爆发 尼罗河，粉丝，基孔肯雅和寨卡病毒病了数亿人，而 诸如疟疾等寄生虫每年杀死超过40万。能力的向量及其传播 病原体到新的大陆和气候，再加上最近的全球快速扩张 感染人类的​​其他新型RNA病毒，强调了快速可靠的需求 病原体监测技术现在比以往任何时候都更加重要。早期检测确保向量 控制工作在正确的时间直接到正确的位置，以避免潜在的流行病。 监视和检测感染蚊子通常是即将来临的早期预测指标 然而，人类感染带来了挑战，包括涉及的时间进行分类，识别和 从大量蚊子中提取RNA，同时保持冷链。这需要 蚊子的监测，识别和合并之前的病毒测试。最近已经 表明具有传播感染的蚊子极端（作为排泄/粪便）arbovirus和 在实验室中采样时，浓度适合检测的寄生虫。这允许快速 以及无损的采样和病原体测试，但是当前的现场陷阱设备是 无法有效收集随机分布的ca。 1.5 µL排泄液滴。解决这个问题 问题，我们在这里建议设计两个新颖的极端蚊子陷阱，以寻求主机 分别利用糖喂食站和A的蚊子（或妊娠）蚊子 定制制造的收集系统由纳米结构的超疏水表面组成 漏斗和凝结极端样品。适当的疏水表面构象将 首先在初始现场试验中选择并测试效率。然后将缩放此原型 向上并配置为捕获野生蚊子的人群，同时引导和聚集极端 在陷阱内生产到标准的微输出管，该管子在外部附着，以快速和 简单收集。测试两种设备有效采样潜在病原体的能力 被困的蚊子，陷阱将部署在跨越一个的五个新泽西州县 与县蚊子控制机构合作的许多蚊子栖息地。 捕获的排泄物将进行Metavirome测序以识别和组装基因组 来自样品中已知和潜在新型RNA病毒的全部广度的数据， 代表新泽西蚊子的广泛多样性。这个项目代表了基础 朝着媒介的媒介传播病原体迈向“蚊子免费”监视的一步 快速反应在发生之前减轻Enzootic爆发。