Understanding Social Affiliative Deficits in Psychopathology

了解精神病理学中的社会归属缺陷

• 批准号: 9162337
• 负责人: JACK J. BLANCHARD
• 金额: $ 57万
• 依托单位: UNIV OF MARYLAND, COLLEGE PARK
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2016-08-08 至 2020-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9162337
• 关键词: Activities of Daily Living; Address; Affective; Anhedonia; Behavior; Behavior assessment; Behavioral; Brain; Clinical; Clinical assessments; Cognition; Cognitive; Cognitive deficits; Communication; Communities; Corpus striatum structure; Cues; Development; Disease; Educational workshop; Emotional; Emotions; Face; Failure; Family member; Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Human; Impaired cognition; Impairment; Incentives; Individual; Interview; Laboratories; Learning; Learning Disturbances; Link; Methods; Motivation; Neurobiology; Patient Self-Report; Persons; Population Research; Process; Psychopathology; Psychotic Disorders; Regulation; Research; Research Domain Criteria; Rewards; Sampling; Scanning; Schizophrenia; Smiling; Social Environment; Social Functioning; Social Interaction; Social Processes; Societies; Specificity; Stimulus; System; Testing; Work; base; clinically significant; developmental disease; dyadic interaction; emotion regulation; experience; functional outcomes; impression; in vivo; insight; neural circuit; neuroregulation; novel; novel strategies; pleasure; relating to nervous system; response; self reported behavior; skills; social; social skills; stressor; therapy development

As defined by the RDoC Social Processes Workshop, affiliation is the engagement in positive social interactions with others. The desire to affiliate has been described as a fundamental human motivation. However, impairments in the drive to affiliate occur across multiple clinical disorders and these affiliative impairments have devastating consequences for individuals, their family members, and society. Despite the major clinical significance of impairments in social affiliation, the factors that contribute to affiliative impairment are poorly understood. We propose a multi-method assessment of a large and diverse clinical sample to examine how social affiliative deficits are associated with a) the social regulation of neural systems relating to emotion as assessed through a novel fMRI paradigm for studying the in vivo social regulation of emotion in the context of affiliative relationships, b) neural processes associated with social reward, c) learning of the positive affective value of others, and d) behavioral affiliative skills. Consistent with the RDoC, this application will include assessment of affiliation processes across units of analyses including circuits, behavior, and self-report within a transdiagnostic sample of individuals with psychotic disorders. With regard to the study of neural systems, a powerful mechanism that may underlie the motivation for social contact is the social regulation of emotion, particularly the social regulation of threat responding. We propose the use of a novel paradigm to create affiliative relationships within the lab and subsequently will examine how this affiliative relationship regulates emotional responding to a stressor (a key function of affiliative relationships) within an fMRI scan. Specifically, we will examine the hypothesis that affiliative deficits are associated with the failure of social contact to down regulate neural activity in the context of a stressor. In addition to the benefits that affiliation provides when responding to threat, the motivation for social relationships may derive from activation of neural systems involved in reward. We will also explore the contribution of reward circuits to affiliative impairment using both social and monetary reward paradigms. Beyond neural responding, the proposed study will examine how individuals form behavior-based impressions of others in ways that may facilitate or impede social affiliation. We will examine the hypothesis that deficits in affiliation are associated with impairments in the ability to use behavior-based person information to form positive impressions concerning the affective value of others in the social environment. Finally, behavioral social skills form the basis for effective communication and are thought to be critical to social competence. We will examine the hypothesis that impairments in social affiliation are specifically related to deficits in behavioral affiliative skills. The proposed study will provide an integrative perspective to advance our understanding of the neural and behavioral factors that give rise to impairments in social affiliation within clinical populations and this research will provide insights that will inform the development of interventions to address such impairments in affiliation.

根据RDOC社会过程研讨会的定义，隶属关系是参与积极的社会 与他人的互动。联盟的愿望被描述为人类的基本动机。 但是，在多种临床疾病中发生的驱动力障碍发生了，这些会员 障碍对个人，家庭成员和社会造成了毁灭性的后果。尽管有 社会隶属关系受损的主要临床意义，这些因素导致了隶属损害 知之甚少。我们提出对大型多样的临床样本进行多方法评估 检查社会隶属赤字与a）与神经系统的社会调节有关 通过通过新颖的功能磁共振成像范式评估的情绪，用于研究体内社会对情绪的调节 隶属关系的背景，b）与社会奖励相关的神经过程，c）学习积极的 他人的情感价值，d）行为隶属关系。与RDOC一致，此应用程序将 包括评估包括电路，行为和自我报告在内的分析单位的隶属过程 在具有精神病患者的经诊断样本中。关于神经的研究 系统，一种强大的机制，可能是社会接触动机的基础 情绪，尤其是对威胁反应的社会调节。我们建议将新颖范式使用 在实验室内建立隶属关系，随后将研究这种隶属关系 在功能磁共振成像扫描中调节对压力源的情绪响应（隶属关系的关键功能）。 具体而言，我们将研究与社会失败有关的假设 在压力源的背景下，接触降低神经活动。除了隶属的好处 在应对威胁时提供的社会关系的动机可能源于神经的激活 涉及奖励的系统。我们还将探索奖励电路对隶属损害的贡献 同时使用社会和货币奖励范式。除了神经反应之外，拟议的研究还将 研究个人如何以有助于或阻碍的方式形成基于行为的印象 社会隶属关系。我们将研究以下假设：隶属关系的缺陷与障碍有关 使用基于行为的人信息来形成有关情感的积极印象的能力 在社会环境中他人的价值。最后，行为社交技能构成了有效的基础 沟通，被认为对社会能力至关重要。我们将研究以下假设 社会隶属关系的障碍与行为隶属关系技能的缺陷特别相关。提议 研究将提供一个综合观点，以提高我们对神经和行为因素的理解 这会导致临床人群中社会隶属关系的损害，这项研究将提供见解 这将为解决隶属关系障碍的干预措施的发展提供信息。