Household air pollution in Tanzania, placental health and pregnancy outcome

坦桑尼亚的家庭空气污染、胎盘健康和妊娠结局

基本信息

批准号：
9041967
负责人：
Blair Johnson Wylie
金额：
$ 26.38万
依托单位：
MASSACHUSETTS GENERAL HOSPITAL
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2012
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2012-08-01 至 2017-07-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9041967
关键词：
Africa South of the Sahara African Air Air Pollutants Air Pollution Area Attention Biology Biomass Biometry Birth Birth Weight Burn injury Carbon Monoxide Cessation of life Charcoal Child Coal Complex Complex Mixtures Development Discipline of obstetrics Dose Environmental Exposure Environmental Health Environmental Pollutants Environmental Risk Factor Environmental Tobacco Smoke Epidemiologic Studies Evaluation Exposure to Face Fire - disasters Functional disorder Gases Goals Health Histologic Histopathology Household Household Air Pollution Hypoxia Indoor Air Pollution Infection Inflammatory Injury Intervention Learning Lesion Link Low Birth Weight Infant Lung diseases Maternal Exposure Measurement Measures Mentors Mentorship Methodology Modeling Mothers Particulate Matter Pathology Pattern Perinatal Population Pregnancy Pregnancy Outcome Pregnant Women Prenatal care Prevalence Reading Research Research Training Resources Risk Risk Factors Smoke Smoking Solid Statistical Data Interpretation Structure Tanzania Techniques Tissues Training Training Programs Woman Wood material adverse pregnancy outcome air sampling biomass fuel biomass smoke career career development cohort combustion product cooking design environmental intervention evidence base fetal medicine global health improved in utero neonatal death nutrition particle pollutant prenatal prevent repository reproductive epidemiology response stillbirth systematic review

项目摘要

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant) The majority of households in sub-Saharan Africa rely on solid biomass fuels (charcoal, wood, crop residues) for cooking. Women, as primary cooks, are exposed to harmful pollutants released from the inefficient combustion of these fuels, notably carbon monoxide (CO) and fine particulate matter (PM2.5). Preliminary studies link exposure to such biomass smoke with adverse pregnancy outcomes. In a cohort of Tanzanian pregnant women, the candidate will 1) determine predictors of high measured personal exposure to CO and PM2.5 during pregnancy, 2) identify histologic patterns of placental injury associated with high measured personal exposure to CO and/or PM2.5, and, 3) evaluate the association between measured personal exposure to CO and PM2.5 during pregnancy with birth weight (BW). This project innovatively combines personal air sampling for both CO and PM2.5 with placental examination to investigate exposure-response relationships between biomass combustion products and pregnancy outcome. Multivariate models will be created to identify predictors of high exposure and to evaluate the association between exposure and BW adjusting for other relevant determinants. Patterns of placental injury will be compared between high and low exposure groups to identify the potential pathophysiology underlying in utero injuries. Risk factors for adverse pregnancy outcome and reduced BW in resource-limited settings have focused largely on poor nutrition and infections with relatively little study of environmental perinatal risks. The candidate's proposed research has the potential to focus obstetric attention on a prevalent environmental exposure, household air pollution, and to shift environmental interventions to prenatal care packages. This research is integrally linked with the candidate's training program, which includes didactic coursework, guided readings, and structured mentorship in the areas of 1) environmental exposure assessment and analysis, 2) placental histopathology and biology, and 3) statistical techniques for complex exposure-response modeling using multivariate models. While the candidate's research efforts during the career development period will focus on air pollutants, techniques and methodologies they will learn will be translatable to the evaluation of obstetric risks associated with additional environmental pollutants to which these women are co-exposed. The candidate's ambition is to determine, and thereby catalyze a reduction in, the environmental burden faced by pregnant women in sub-Saharan Africa through independent, evidenced based research. 1

描述（由申请人提供）撒哈拉以南非洲的大多数家庭都依靠固体生物量燃料（木炭，木材，农作物残留物）进行烹饪。作为主要厨师，妇女暴露于这些燃料效率低下的有害污染物，尤其是一氧化碳（CO）和细颗粒物（PM2.5）。初步研究将暴露与这种生物质烟雾与不良妊娠结局联系起来。在一群坦桑尼亚孕妇中，候选人将1）确定高度测量的个人暴露于CO和PM2.5期间的预测指标，2）确定与高度测量的个人暴露于CO和/或PM2相关的胎盘损伤的组织学模式。 5，以及3）评估在怀孕期间与出生体重（BW）期间对CO和PM2.5的个人接触之间的关联。该项目创新地结合了CO和PM2.5的个人空气采样与胎盘检查，以调查生物质燃烧产品与妊娠结局之间的暴露 - 反应关系。将创建多变量模型，以识别高暴露量的预测指标，并评估其他相关决定因素调整暴露与BW调整之间的关联。在高暴露组和低暴露组之间将比较胎盘损伤的模式，以识别子宫内损伤中潜在的病理生理学。不良怀孕结局和在资源有限的环境中BW减少的危险因素主要集中在营养和感染不良，对环境围产期风险的研究相对较少。候选人的拟议研究有可能将产科关注集中在普遍的环境暴露，家庭空气污染以及将环境干预转移到产前护理方案上。这项研究与候选人的培训计划构成了联系，该计划包括教学课程，指导性阅读和结构化指导。使用多元模型进行响应建模。尽管候选人在职业发展期间的研究工作将集中于空气污染物，他们将学习的技术和方法将转化为评估与这些妇女共同暴露的其他环境污染物相关的产科风险。候选人的野心是通过基于独立的，基于基于的研究来确定萨哈兰非洲以南非洲孕妇面临的孕妇面临的环境负担。 1

项目成果

期刊论文数量（8）

专著数量（0）

科研奖励数量（0）

会议论文数量（0）

专利数量（0）

Assessing Exposure to Household Air Pollution: A Systematic Review and Pooled Analysis of Carbon Monoxide as a Surrogate Measure of Particulate Matter.

DOI：
10.1289/ehp767
发表时间：
2017-07-28
期刊：
Environmental health perspectives
影响因子：
10.4
作者：
Carter E;Norris C;Dionisio KL;Balakrishnan K;Checkley W;Clark ML;Ghosh S;Jack DW;Kinney PL;Marshall JD;Naeher LP;Peel JL;Sambandam S;Schauer JJ;Smith KR;Wylie BJ;Baumgartner J
通讯作者：
Baumgartner J

Teaching by Teleconference: A Model for Distance Medical Education across Two Continents.