Neuropsychiatric Impairments in Adolescent MDMA Abusers

青少年摇头丸滥用者的神经精神损伤

基本信息

批准号：
6997583
负责人：
MATTHEW O HOWARD
金额：
$ 5.53万
依托单位：
UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN AT ANN ARBOR
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2002
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2002-09-20 至 2005-05-31
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Adolescent MDMA use has increased dramatically since 1998, although little is known regarding the clinical impairments or service needs of MDMA-abusing youth. The proposed R03 includes a longitudinal evaluation of the nature and persistence of cognitive and psychiatric impairments in young MDMA abusers. Pilot findings indicate that MDMA abuse is endemic among youth residing at the proposed project site. All residents complete lengthy rehabilitation stays; thus, the proposed study site affords a unique opportunity to study the nature and course of neuropsychiatric dysfunction in youth at risk for the development of MDMA-related functional impairments. Specific aims of the proposed investigation are to describe differences among heavy, moderate, and experimental adolescent MDMA users and nonusers with regard to cognitive and psychiatric dysfunction and evaluate whether heavy MDMA users demonstrate less reversal of these impairments than lighter users or nonusers between admission to the facility and 6-months follow-up. The proposed R03 also incorporates a case-control study comparing the cognitive and psychiatric functioning of all identified heavy MDMA users and matched MDMA-negative, polydrug-using controls. High-resolution MR scans will be collected and analyzed via high-dimensional brain mapping to compare hippocampal volume and shape in a subset of 15 heavy MDMA users and 15 matched controls. Case-control findings will provide feasibility data for a larger study evaluating MDMA-induced changes to brain structures, which may form the neurobiological basis for observed dysfunction. All youth (N equal to about 168) admitted to the state's largest residential facility for juvenile offenders over 14 months will be recruited and will complete neuropsychological tests and structured psychiatric interviews at admission to the facility and 6 months later. Project findings will provide critical preliminary data describing neuropsychiatric impairments in adolescent MDMA abusers and will serve as the basis for a larger and longer-term study of young MDMA abusers.

描述（由申请人提供）：自 1998 年以来，青少年 MDMA 的使用急剧增加，尽管人们对滥用 MDMA 的青少年的临床损伤或服务需求知之甚少。拟议的 R03 包括对年轻 MDMA 滥用者认知和精神障碍的性质和持续性进行纵向评估。试点结果表明，居住在拟建项目地点的青少年中滥用摇头丸的现象十分普遍。所有居民都完成了长期的康复治疗；因此，拟议的研究地点提供了一个独特的机会来研究存在 MDMA 相关功能障碍风险的青少年神经精神功能障碍的性质和过程。拟议调查的具体目的是描述重度、中度和实验性青少年 MDMA 使用者和非使用者在认知和精神功能障碍方面的差异，并评估重度 MDMA 使用者在入院期间是否表现出比轻度使用者或非使用者更少的这些损害的逆转。设施和 6 个月的随访。拟议的 R03 还纳入了一项病例对照研究，比较了所有确定的重度 MDMA 使用者和匹配的 MDMA 阴性、多种药物使用对照者的认知和精神功能。将通过高维大脑绘图收集和分析高分辨率 MR 扫描，以比较 15 名 MDMA 重度使用者和 15 名匹配对照者的海马体积和形状。病例对照研究结果将为评估 MDMA 引起的大脑结构变化的更大规模研究提供可行性数据，这可能构成观察到的功能障碍的神经生物学基础。所有在该州最大的少年犯居住设施中居住超过 14 个月的青少年（N 约等于 168 名）都将被招募，并在进入设施时和 6 个月后完成神经心理学测试和结构化精神病学访谈。项目研究结果将提供描述青少年摇头丸滥用者神经精神损伤的关键初步数据，并将作为对年轻摇头丸滥用者进行更大规模、更长期研究的基础。