ROLE OF CEREBELLAR PARALLEL FIBERS IN SACCADE ACCURACY

小脑平行纤维在扫视准确性中的作用

• 批准号: 7958872
• 负责人: FARREL R ROBINSON
• 金额: $ 31.52万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2009-05-01 至 2010-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7958872
• 关键词: Area; Axon; Brain Neoplasms; Cerebellum; Child; Computer Retrieval of Information on Scientific Projects Database; Data; Deceleration; Destinations; Fiber; Funding; Grant; Institution; Lateral; Medial; Modification; Movement; Operative Surgical Procedures; Output; Patients; Primates; Research; Research Personnel; Resources; Role; Saccades; Side; Signal Transduction; Source; Testing; Time; Travel; United States National Institutes of Health; Vision; Work; innovation; novel; rapid eye movement; tumor

This subproject is one of many research subprojects utilizing the resources provided by a Center grant funded by NIH/NCRR. The subproject and investigator (PI) may have received primary funding from another NIH source, and thus could be represented in other CRISP entries. The institution listed is for the Center, which is not necessarily the institution for the investigator. This research tests a simple, plausible, and novel proposal about how the cerebellum makes voluntary rapid eye movements (saccades) accurate. We propose that saccade accuracy depends on a signal that stops saccades at the right time. This signal travels across the midline of the cerebellum in the axons called parallel fibers (p-fibers). The onset of saccade deceleration is set by the amount of time it takes the signal to travel to its destination on the other side. We will test this proposal by cutting saccade-related p-fibers. If this idea is right, then this cut will: 1) abolish the cerebellum signal that stops saccades on time; 2) make saccade deceleration abnormally slow; 3) make saccades overshoot their targets. Preliminary data show that this cut causes all three effects. A corollary of our proposal is that large saccades are represented laterally in the saccade-related part of the cerebellum while small saccades are represented medially. We will use anatomical tracing to describe the connections from lateral and medial parts of this region to determine how these connections cause movements of different sizes. Preliminary data show that the lateral and medial areas of the saccade part of the cerebellum make different connections. Describing this will tell us how the cerebellum makes movements of different sizes. If our results support our proposal, then it will provide a basic framework for how the cerebellum transforms the saccade-related signals that it receives into the output signals that make saccades accurate. This work will also show why saccades, and consequently vision, are badly impaired by surgery to remove the most common brain tumors in children. This will motivate and guide easy-to-implement modifications of treatment and surgery to removes tumors without impairing vision. Such improvements could help patients quickly because they require no other innovations.

该副本是利用众多研究子项目之一 由NIH/NCRR资助的中心赠款提供的资源。子弹和 调查员（PI）可能已经从其他NIH来源获得了主要资金， 因此可以在其他清晰的条目中代表。列出的机构是 对于中心，这不一定是调查员的机构。 这项研究测试了一个简单，合理且新颖的建议，内容涉及小脑如何使自愿快速移动（扫视）准确。 我们建议扫视精度取决于在正确时间停止扫视的信号。 该信号在称为平行纤维（P纤维）的轴突中跨越小脑的中线。 扫视减速的发作是由信号在另一侧传播到目的地所花费的时间的设置。 我们将通过切割扫视相关的P纤维来测试该建议。 如果这个想法是正确的，那么这个削减将：1）废除按时停止扫视的小脑信号； 2）使扫视减速异常缓慢； 3）使扫视超出目标。 初步数据表明，此削减会导致所有三个效果。 我们提议的推论是，大扫视在小脑的扫视相关部分横向表示，而小扫视的内侧表示。 我们将使用解剖学跟踪来描述该区域外侧和内侧部分的连接，以确定这些连接如何导致不同尺寸的运动。 初步数据表明，小脑扫视部分的横向和内侧区域建立了不同的连接。 描述这将告诉我们小脑如何使大小不同。 如果我们的结果支持我们的建议，那么它将为小脑如何将接收到扫视相关的信号转换为使扫视准确的输出信号的基本框架。 这项工作还将表明为什么扫视和视力受到手术的严重损害，以清除儿童最常见的脑肿瘤。 这将激励和引导对治疗和手术易于实施的修改，以消除肿瘤而不会损害视力。 这样的改进可以快速帮助患者，因为他们不需要其他创新。