Parental exposure to ionizing radiation and birth defects

父母接触电离辐射和出生缺陷

• 批准号: 8358315
• 负责人: Dorothy Kim Waller
• 金额: $ 7.4万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS HLTH SCI CTR HOUSTON
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2012
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2012-09-01 至 2014-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8358315
• 关键词: Parental; exposure; ionizing; radiation; birth

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Ionizing radiation is a well-established carcinogen and is known to cause breakage of chromosomes, i.e. it is a clastogen. Although human studies of ionizing radiation and birth defects are limited, ionizing radiation has been shown to cause birth defects in animal studies. We hypothesize that in humans exposure to ionizing radiation immediately prior to conception may induce chromosomal abnormalities in the germ cells of one or both parents, resulting in birth defects. Further, maternal exposure to ionizing radiation in early pregnancy may result in the death of rapidly dividing cells in the developing embryo resulting in a birth defect. The pathways described above may contribute to the etiology of many different types of birth defects, especially multiple anomalies and chromosomal abnormalities. The aims of this study are: 1) To assess the association between maternal exposure to ionizing radiation from x-ray procedures and birth defects 2) To assess the association between maternal exposure to occupational sources of ionizing radiation and birth defects and 3) To assess the association between paternal exposure to occupational sources of ionizing radiation and birth defects. The proposed study will be based on data from version 8.0 of the National Birth Defects Prevention Study (NBDPS). The study design is cost-effective, utilizing existing data collected by the National Birth Defects Prevention Study on over 22,000 pregnant women. This study will include data from maternal interviews on over 15,000 mothers of infants with over 30 different categories of birth defects and 7,173 control mothers. Maternal exposure to ionizing radiation from medical imaging studies performed in the three months before conception or during pregnancy will be measured based on maternal responses to a detailed telephone interview. Maternal and paternal occupational exposures to ionizing radiation will also be measured based on responses to detailed questions on maternal and paternal occupations from the same interview. In order to classify maternal and paternal exposures to occupational sources of ionizing radiation, we plan to use a job-exposure matrix (JEM) that is specific to occupational sources of exposure to ionizing radiation and has been developed by Mustafa Dosemeci at National Cancer Institute (NCI). In summary we propose to conduct one of the largest most statistically powerful population based studies of occupational and medical sources of ionizing radiation and birth defects. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: This study will determine whether women who are exposed to radiation from x-rays, CAT scans and other types of medical imaging are at an increased risk of having infants with 30 different categories of birth defects. It will also determine whether women and men who are exposed to radiation in their workplace have an increased risk of having infants with 30 different categories of birth defects.

描述（由申请人提供）：电离辐射是一种良好的致癌物，已知会导致染色体破裂，即它是clastogen。尽管人类对电离辐射和先天缺陷的研究受到限制，但电离辐射已显示出在动物研究中引起先天缺陷。我们假设，在人类接触之前，在受孕之前接触电离辐射可能会引起一个或两个父母的生殖细胞中的染色体异常，从而导致出生缺陷。此外，孕产妇在怀孕早期处接触辐射可能导致迅速分裂的细胞在发育中的胚胎中导致出生缺陷。上述途径可能有助于许多不同类型的先天缺陷，尤其是多种异常和染色体异常的病因。 这项研究的目的是：1）评估母体暴露于X射线程序的电离辐射和出生缺陷之间的关联2）评估母体暴露于电离辐射和出生缺陷的职业来源之间的关联，以及3）评估父亲暴露于与电离辐射的职业源和生育辐射的职业源之间的关联。 拟议的研究将基于国家预防研究（NBDPS）8.0版的数据。该研究设计具有成本效益，利用国家先天缺陷预防研究对22,000多名孕妇收集的现有数据。 这项研究将包括来自孕产妇访谈的数据，该数据对超过30种不同类别的先天缺陷和7,173个对照母亲的婴儿母亲的母亲有超过15,000名母亲。孕妇在受孕之前或怀孕期间进行的医学成像研究的电离辐射暴露于电离辐射，将根据对详细电话访谈的孕产妇反应来衡量。还将根据对同一访谈中对母亲和父亲职业的详细问题的回答来衡量产妇和父亲职业暴露于电离辐射。为了将母体和父亲的暴露分类为电离辐射的职业来源，我们计划使用一个特定于职业暴露于电离辐射的职业来源的工作曝光矩阵（JEM），并已由国家癌症研究所（NCI）的Mustafa Dosemeci开发。 总而言之，我们建议对电离辐射和先天缺陷的职业和医学来源进行基于统计最大的人群最大的研究之一。 公共卫生相关性：这项研究将确定暴露于X射线，猫扫描和其他类型的医学成像的妇女是否会增加患有30种不同类别的先天缺陷的婴儿的风险。它还将确定在工作场所暴露于辐射的男女是否会增加患有30种不同类别的先天缺陷的婴儿的风险。