Maternal dietary intake of omega 3 fatty acids and birth defects

母亲膳食中欧米伽 3 脂肪酸的摄入量与出生缺陷

• 批准号: 10575495
• 负责人: Dorothy Kim Waller
• 金额: $ 7.8万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS HLTH SCI CTR HOUSTON
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2023-05-18 至 2025-04-30
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10575495
• 关键词: Abbreviations; Acids; Address; Algae; Area; Arthritis; Brain; Carbon; Case/Control Studies; Clinical; Code; Confidence Intervals; Congenital Abnormality; Congenital Heart Defects; Consumption; Country; Data; Databases; Diet; Dietary intake; Disease; Docosahexaenoic Acids; Eating; Eicosapentaenoic Acid; Environmental Pollutants; Fatty acid glycerol esters; Fishes; Folic Acid; Food; Frequencies; Funding Mechanisms; Heart Abnormalities; Heart Diseases; Human; Hypertension; Infant; Intake; Interview; Link; Measures; Modeling; Mothers; Neural Tube Defects; Nurses' Health Study; Nutrient; Odds Ratio; Oils; Omega-3 Fatty Acids; Phenotype; Plant Sources; Plants; Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids; Population Study; Pregnancy; Prevention; Questionnaires; Recommendation; Reporting; Research; Risk; Seafood; Site; Source; Soybeans; Sterile coverings; Subgroup; Testing; Tissues; Vinegar; Woman; alpha-Linolenic Acid; bioaccumulation; dietary; dietary supplements; docosapentaenoic acid; manufacture; marine; methyl group; mother nutrition; offspring; pi bond; prevent; response

-ABSTRACT It is well established that low levels of dietary folic acid are associated with an increased risk of neural tube defects. However, no other dietary nutrient has been clearly associated with birth defects. We propose to use the National Birth Defects Prevention Study (NBDPS) to assess the association between maternal diets low in omega 3 fatty acids and birth defects. The NBDPS, one of the largest population based studies of birth defects, interviewed 40,029 US mothers who delivered infants between 1997 and 2011. It includes 50 clinically well defined birth defect phenotypes. Dietary information was collected using a 58-item food frequency questionnaire developed by Willett and colleagues for The Nurses Health Study. In a preliminary analysis of NBDPS data for approximately 20,000 pregnancies, 31 percent of mothers reported eating little or no fish (a leading source of omega 3 fatty acids). This analysis examined 22 birth defects and observed that mothers who consumed as little as 1-3 servings of fish per month had a lower risk of having offspring with 5 of these birth defects. In addition, a small case control study found that mothers who consume diets high in fish have a reduced risk of heart defects. We are requesting support to undertake analyses of the final NBDPS database of 40,009 pregnancies. We will assess associations between three different levels of fish consumption (1-3 servings per month, 1 serving per week and 2 or more servings per week) and 50 different birth defect phenotypes. We will also assess associations between three other measures of maternal intake of omega 3 fatty acids and 50 birth defects, including two measures of plant sources of dietary omega 3 fatty acids. This project entails 1) coding of responses for up to 4,000 dietary supplements, 2) main analyses of 200 adjusted odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals, 3) testing multiple regression models to evaluate confounding and 4) analyses of sensitivity and bias. Including the 2 sensitivity analyses and the analyses of misclassification bias, we will calculate 650 adjusted odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals. The observation many women eat little or no fish, suggests that the percent of birth defects that may be explained by low fish consumption in the US could be relatively high compared to countries where fish consumption is higher. However, many women prefer not to eat fish because of concerns about the environmental contaminants that bio-accumulate in them. Hence it is important to not only understand the effect of fish consumption on birth defects but to also understand the effect of dietary intake of omega 3 fatty acids from plant sources on birth defects. We hypothesize that intake of plants rich in omega 3 fatty acids may also be protective against birth defects and could therefore serve as an alternative source of protective omega 3 fatty acids.

-抽象的 众所周知，低水平的饮食叶酸与神经的风险增加有关 管缺陷。但是，没有其他饮食营养素与先天缺陷有关。我们建议 使用国家先天缺陷预防研究（NBDP）评估孕产妇饮食之间的关联 低欧米茄3脂肪酸和先天缺陷。 NBDP是最大的基于人群的先天缺陷研究之一，采访了4029 US 在1997年至2011年期间分娩婴儿的母亲。它包括50个临床定义明确的先天缺陷 表型。使用由58个项目的食物频率问卷收集的饮食信息 Willett及其护士健康研究的同事。 在对大约20,000次怀孕的NBDPS数据的初步分析中，占31％ 母亲报告说，几乎不吃鱼（欧米茄3脂肪酸的主要来源）。这个分析 检查了22种出生缺陷，并观察到食用只有1-3份鱼的母亲 每月患有5例出生缺陷的后代的风险较低。另外，一个小案例控制 研究发现，食用饮食量高的母亲的心脏缺陷风险降低。 我们要求支持对40,009例怀孕的最终NBDPS数据库进行分析。 我们将评估三种不同水平的鱼类消费之间的关联（每月1-3份，1份 每周和每周2份或更多份）和50种不同的先天缺陷表型。我们还将评估 欧米茄3脂肪酸的母体摄入量和50个先天缺陷的其他三种措施之间的关联， 包括两种植物来源的饮食欧米茄3脂肪酸。 该项目需要1）最多4,000种饮食补充剂的反应编码，2）200 调整后的优势比和95％的置信区间，3）测试多个回归模型以评估混杂 4）敏感性和偏见的分析。包括两个灵敏度分析和错误分类的分析 偏见，我们将计算650个调整后的优势比和95％的置信区间。 许多妇女的观察很少或没有鱼，这表明可能是先天缺陷的百分比 与鱼类的国家相比 消费更高。但是，许多妇女由于对环境的疑虑而不愿意吃鱼 生物含用的污染物在其中。因此，重要的是要不仅了解鱼的作用 消费出生缺陷，但也了解植物饮食摄入欧米茄3脂肪酸的影响 出生缺陷的来源。我们假设富含欧米茄3脂肪酸的植物的摄入量也可能是保护性的 抵抗先天缺陷，因此可以作为保护性欧米茄3脂肪酸的替代来源。