Translational Studies of Brain Circuitry Disrupted by Alcoholism

酒精中毒扰乱大脑回路的转化研究

• 批准号: 7684835
• 负责人: EDITH VIONI SULLIVAN
• 金额: $ 21.95万
• 依托单位: STANFORD UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2008
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2008-09-10 至 2013-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7684835
• 关键词: Affect; Age; Aging; Alcoholism; Alcohols; Animal Model; Animals; Behavioral; Behavioral Sciences; Bilateral; Brain; Brain Injuries; Brain region; Cerebellum; Characteristics; Chemistry; Clinical; Cognitive; Collaborations; Communities; Complement; Corpus Callosum; Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Dose; Drug Addiction; Educational process of instructing; Environment; Equilibrium; Financial compensation; Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Functional disorder; Funding; Goals; Grant; Human; Impairment; Individual; International; Investigation; Joints; Knowledge; Laboratories; Lead; Left; Lesion; Location; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Measures; Mentors; Methods; Modeling; Motor; Musculoskeletal Equilibrium; NIH Program Announcements; National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism; Neuropsychology; Neurosciences; Neurosciences Research; Outcome; Performance; Physics; Principal Investigator; Process; Protons; Psychiatry; Public Health; Radiology Specialty; Rattus; Recovery; Recruitment Activity; Rehabilitation therapy; Research; Research Project Grants; Research Proposals; Resolution; Resources; Role; Rosemary; Scientist; Senior Scientist Award; Sensory; Spectrum Analysis; Structure; Students; Support System; System; Testing; Universities; Visual; Work; age related; alcohol exposure; base; career development; cognitive neuroscience; design; falls; gray matter; improved; in vivo; innovation; interest; medical schools; neural circuit; neural recruitment; neuroimaging; neuromechanism; neuropsychological; partial recovery; problem drinker; professor; programs; relating to nervous system; response; senescence; sobriety; translational study; white matter

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This K05 application is in response to an NIAAA Program Announcement (PA-06-555) for a Senior Scientist Award and represents a synthesis of NIH-funded projects on which I am principal investigator. As a professor in the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences at Stanford University School of Medicine, I have two principal roles: 1) as a scientist, I conduct human and animal, translational studies of the effects of alcoholism and aging on brain structure and function; 2) as a mentor, I teach and lead developing neuroscientists in all aspects of my neuroscience program. Environment: Stanford University's neuroscience research community is dynamic, multifaceted, and attracts the brightest students at all levels of career development. I have major collaborations in my own department as well as in Radiology, the Neuroscience Program, and SRI International. Fundamental to my research is access to advanced neuroimaging facilities and expertise for my own and my mentees1 human and animal studies. The combined resources of my laboratory, the neuroimaging facilities, and the exceptional formal and informal neuroscience educational programs of the greater Stanford community provide a rich environment for my mentees. Research. My program of research uses quantitative behavioral neuroscience approaches that are complemented with structural and functional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI and fMRI), diffusion tensor imaging (DTI), and proton MR spectroscopy (MRS) with the aim of characterizing affected brain regions in alcoholism itself and in interaction with brain changes associated with senescence. In addition to human investigations, my research entails animal models of excessive alcohol exposure. The ultimate goal of my program of research is to identify those functional and structural neural systems affected by alcoholism that are permanent and those that are spared or restorable. Relevance. The outcome of my studies has notable potential relevance to public health. Common, but often unrecognized, untoward consequences of alcoholism are subtle but functionally significant impairments in cognitive, sensory, and motor functions. Our work, for example, has revealed age- and alcoholism-related compromise of postural control mechanisms that could be ameliorated by supplementary sensorimotor input, but if left unattended to could lead to falling. Identification of the brain systems supporting cognitive, sensory, and motor functions that remain relatively intact and those that are damaged in alcoholism with exacerbation from aging is a crucial step in designing rehabilitation efforts for recruiting intact brain systems to compensate for damaged ones.

描述（由申请人提供）：此K05申请是针对高级科学家奖的NIAAA计划公告（PA-06-555）的响应，并代表了我担任NIH资助的项目的综合，我是我担任首席研究员。作为斯坦福大学医学院精神病学和行为科学系教授，我有两个主要角色：1）作为科学家，我进行了人类和动物，对酒精中毒和衰老对大脑结构和功能的影响的翻译研究; 2）作为一名导师，我在神经科学计划的各个方面教授并领导了发展的神经科学家。环境：斯坦福大学的神经科学研究社区充满活力，多方面，并吸引了各个职业发展的最聪明的学生。我在自己的部门以及放射学，神经科学计划和SRI International中进行了主要合作。我的研究的基础是获得我自己和我的训练者1人类和动物研究的先进神经影像学设施和专业知识。我的实验室，神经影像学设施的综合资源以及大斯坦福社区的杰出正式和非正式神经科学教育计划为我的受训者提供了丰富的环境。 研究。我的研究计划使用定量行为神经科学方法，这些方法与结构和功能性磁共振成像（MRI和FMRI），扩散张量成像（DTI）和质子MR光谱（MRS）相辅相成并与与衰老相关的大脑变化相互作用。除了人类的研究外，我的研究还包括过度酒精暴露的动物模型。我的研究计划的最终目的是确定那些受酒精中毒影响的功能和结构神经系统，这些系统是永久性的，而那些幸免或可修复的神经系统。 关联。我的研究结果与公共卫生显着相关。酒精中毒的常见但通常无法识别的不良后果是微妙但在认知，感觉和运动功能方面的功能显着障碍。例如，我们的工作揭示了与年龄和酒精中毒相关的姿势控制机制的折衷，这些机制可以通过补充感觉运动输入来改善，但如果无人看管可以导致下降。识别支持认知，感觉和运动功能的大脑系统，这些功能保持相对完整，并且在酗酒中受到损害而受到衰老而损坏的大脑系统是设计康复工作的至关重要的一步，以招募完整的大脑系统以补偿受损的脑系统。