NORMAL AGING OF BRAIN STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION

大脑结构和功能的正常老化

• 批准号: 7722860
• 负责人: EDITH VIONI SULLIVAN
• 金额: $ 0.56万
• 依托单位: STANFORD UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2008
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2008-06-01 至 2009-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7722860
• 关键词: Adult; Age; Aging; Anterior; Attention; Computer Retrieval of Information on Scientific Projects Database; Condition; Conflict (Psychology); Corpus Callosum; Elderly; Functional disorder; Funding; Grant; Handedness; Hippocampus (Brain); Institution; Left; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Measurement; Measures; Methods; Pattern; Process; Protocols documentation; Range; Research; Research Personnel; Resources; Right-On; Short-Term Memory; Source; Structure; Structure of genu of corpus callosum; Temporal Lobe; Testing; Thick; United States National Institutes of Health; Visuospatial; Woman; age effect; age related; aging brain; gray matter; men; middle age; normal aging; precedence effect; processing speed; size; white matter

This subproject is one of many research subprojects utilizing the resources provided by a Center grant funded by NIH/NCRR. The subproject and investigator (PI) may have received primary funding from another NIH source, and thus could be represented in other CRISP entries. The institution listed is for the Center, which is not necessarily the institution for the investigator. Aims: Identify age-dependent differences in white matter microstructure with DTI and relate regional FA to function of selective components of attention, working memory, and speeded processes. Methods: We have tested 71 women and 59 men spanning the adult age range in a protocol that includes a single shot spin-echo echo-planar coronal DTI sequence as well as fast spin echo (FSE) and SPoiled Gradient Recalled Echo (SPGR) structural sequences. Some of these subjects (22 middle age, mean age 41 years and 18 elderly, mean age 69 years) performed a Global/Local visuoperceptual test that involves processing of global features, dependent on right hemispheric functioning, and local details, dependent on left hemispheric functioning. Results: We found selective effects of age on attentional mechanisms in local-global feature processing that were beyond general slowing effects including an enhanced local precedence effect in selective but not divided attention conditions in older subjects. We also found significant correlations between the genu of the corpus callosum and the congruency effect and the local inhibition effect suggesting that conflicting local-global information is processed interhemispherically in a push-pull fashion and that reduced genu size of the corpus callosum in older subjects invokes an unbalanced inhibition pattern with greater local than global interference. Conclusions: Visuospatial deficits in aging may depend more on how this information is processed and exchanged between the two hemispheres than on hemispheric dysfunction per se. In a separate analysis of hippocampal volumes measured on dual-echo, spin-echo, 3 mm thick, contiguous coronal magnetic resonance images neither the men nor the women showed significant correlations between hippocampal volumes and age. By contrast, temporal lobe cortical gray matter volumes declined significantly with age both in men and in women. The lack of relationship between hippocampal volume and age endured when only subjects 50 years or older were considered. Measurement sensitivity was adequate to detect the small but significant laterality difference in hippocampal size, with the anterior reaches of the right hippocampus larger than the left.

该副本是利用众多研究子项目之一 由NIH/NCRR资助的中心赠款提供的资源。子弹和 调查员（PI）可能已经从其他NIH来源获得了主要资金， 因此，可以在其他清晰的条目中表示。列出的机构是 对于中心，这不一定是调查员的机构。 目的：与DTI一起确定白质微观结构的年龄依赖性差异，并将区域FA与选择性的注意力，工作记忆和加速过程的函数相关联。 方法：我们已经测试了71名女性和59名跨越成人年龄范围的男性，其中包括单次射击旋转回声回声 - 平面冠状DTI序列以及快速旋转回声（FSE）和变质的梯度回忆（SPGR）ECHO（SPGR）结构序列。其中一些受试者（22岁的中年，平均年龄41岁和18岁，平均年龄69岁）进行了全球/局部视觉观察测试，涉及处理全球特征，取决于右半球功能和本地细节，取决于左半球功能。 结果：我们发现，年龄对局部全球特征处理中注意机制的选择性影响超出了一般减慢效果，包括在旧受试者中有选择性但不划分注意力条件的局部优先效应。我们还发现，call体的素质与一致性效应与局部抑制作用之间的显着相关性，这表明局部全球全球信息相互冲突以推扣方式进行跨膜处理，并降低了旧受试者中call体的真实尺寸不平衡的抑制模式，局部比全球干扰更大。 结论：衰老的视觉空间缺陷可能更多地取决于如何处理和交换两个半球之间的信息，而不是半球功能障碍本身。 在对双回声，自旋回波，厚3 mm，连续连续的冠状磁共振图像上测量的海马体积的单独分析中，男人和女性均未显示海马体积与年龄之间的显着相关性。相比之下，随着男性和女性年龄的增长，颞叶皮质灰质的体积大幅下降。 当仅考虑仅50岁以上的受试者时，海马体积和年龄之间缺乏关系。 测量敏感性足以检测海马大小的小但显着的横向差异，右海马的前部距离大于左侧。