Optic Imaging of Fast Neural Activation Patterns in Brain Tissue

脑组织中快速神经激活模式的光学成像

• 批准号: 7467221
• 负责人: IRVING J. BIGIO
• 金额: $ 19.91万
• 依托单位: BOSTON UNIVERSITY (CHARLES RIVER CAMPUS)
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2007
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2007-07-05 至 2011-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7467221
• 关键词: Action Potentials; Animals; Asses; Astacoidea; Axon; Biological; Biophysics; Birefringence; Brain; Complex; Critiques; Decision Making; Epilepsy; Funding; Future; Goals; Hippocampus (Brain); Image; In Vitro; Individual; Invasive; Ion Channel; Laboratories; Light; Lobster; Measurement; Memory; Methods; Microscopy; Modeling; Nerve; Neurologic Manifestations; Neurons; Neuropathy; Optics; Pattern; Pharmaceutical Preparations; Process; Rattus; Resolution; Score; Seizures; Signal Transduction; Slice; Stroke; Synaptic Potentials; System; Technology; Testing; Three-Dimensional Imaging; Time; Tube; United States National Institutes of Health; Work; base; brain tissue; charge coupled device camera; detector; improved; in vivo; instrument; motor control; novel; optical imaging; optical polarization; parallel processing; photomultiplier; relating to nervous system; research study; response; tool

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Vital to the study and treatment of important neuropathies, such as epilepsy and stroke is an understanding of the neuronal network processes responsible for higher brain functions. Complex, highly interconnected functions such as memory, decision making, and motor control depend on intracortical parallel processing, which may be investigated, ideally, with a minimally invasive technology having both high temporal and spatial resolution. The objective of this proposal is to develop a minimally-invasive method of imaging neural activity in isolated nerves and in small animal brain slices. Specifically, this method targets near-real-time, single-axon resolution imagining of the important parallel processing that occurs in complex neuronal networks. The method images nearly-instantaneous manifestations of neural activation, and should ultimately be able to provide moving-picture images of action potential propagation. We will demonstrate that the method is capable of imaging, in reflectance mode and with single- axon resolution, the local optical birefringence changes that accompany electrical activity in complex neuronal networks by imaging the changes in optical polarization elipticity. We will first develop a system capable of imaging the stimulated activity in individual nerves (i.e. crayfish and/or lobster) and then progress to measurements in hypocampus brain slices from a rat model. Testing will include imaging the effects of seizure induction and drug response. Results of this project will lay the groundwork for two important future advances: 3-D imaging of neural activation patterns in brain slices by integration of the birefringence imaging into sectioning microscopy and, ultimately, real-time imaging of activation patterns in the exposed cortex of small animals, in vivo. The objective of this proposal is to develop a minimally-invasive method of imaging neural activity in isolated nerves and in small animal brain slices, with high temporal and spatial resolution. Such a tool will aid in the study and treatment of important neuropathies, such as epilepsy and stroke, and can help provide an understanding of the neuronal network processes responsible for higher brain functions.

描述（由申请人提供）：对重要神经病的研究和治疗至关重要，例如癫痫和中风是对负责较高大脑功能的神经元网络过程的理解。复杂的，高度相互联系的功能，例如记忆，决策和运动控制取决于心脏内并行处理，理想情况下，可以研究具有高时间和空间分辨率的最小入侵技术。该提议的目的是开发一种最小的侵入性方法，用于在孤立的神经和小动物脑切片中成像神经活动。具体而言，该方法针对近实时的单轴分辨率，想象着在复杂的神经元网络中发生的重要平行处理。该方法图像神经激活的几乎是触及的表现形式，最终应该能够提供动作电位传播的运动图像。我们将证明该方法能够在反射率模式和单轴突分辨率下进行成像，通过对复杂神经元网络中电活动伴随的局部光学双折射变化，通过成像光学偏振性的变化。我们将首先开发一个能够成像单个神经（即小龙虾和/或龙虾）的刺激活性的系统，然后从大鼠模型中进行测量。测试将包括成像癫痫诱导和药物反应的影响。该项目的结果将为未来的两个重要进展奠定基础：通过将双折射成像整合到切片显微镜中，并最终在小动物裸露的小动物皮质中对激活模式的实时成像，对脑切片中神经激活模式的3-D成像。该提议的目的是开发一种最小侵入性的方法，用于在孤立的神经和小动物脑切片中成像神经活动，并具有高时空和空间分辨率。这样的工具将有助于研究和治疗重要的神经病，例如癫痫和中风，并可以帮助您了解负责更高脑功能的神经元网络过程。