Social influences on choices in adolescent substance use

社会对青少年物质使用选择的影响

• 批准号: 10378098
• 负责人: PEARL H CHIU
• 金额: $ 70.83万
• 依托单位: VIRGINIA POLYTECHNIC INST AND ST UNIV
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2021-04-01 至 2026-01-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10378098
• 关键词: Addictive Behavior; Adolescence; Adolescent; Adolescent Development; Affect; Age; Anterior; Behavior; Behavior assessment; Behavioral; Behavioral Mechanisms; Computer Models; Data; Decision Making; Development; Economic Models; Environmental Risk Factor; Evaluation; Female Adolescents; Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Health; Humulus; Individual; Individual Differences; Insula of Reil; Intervention; Investigation; Longitudinal cohort; Male Adolescents; Measures; Modeling; Morbidity - disease rate; Nature; Outcome; Participant; Pattern; Predisposition; Prefrontal Cortex; Probability; Process; Risk Behaviors; Risk Factors; Scanning; Social Values; Social support; Testing; Time; United States; Update; adolescent substance use; base; behavior measurement; behavioral economics; design; drug seeking behavior; early onset substance use; economic cost; information processing; mortality; neurobehavioral; neuroimaging; neuromechanism; neurotoxic; novel; peer; peer influence; recruit; relating to nervous system; resilience; response; social; social cognition; social influence; social observations; substance use

PROJECT SUMMARY / ABSTRACT In the United States, substance use behaviors contribute to the leading causes of mortality and morbidity of adolescents, and are associated with approximately $60 billion in economic costs per year. Negative peer influence is a major environmental risk factor for early initiation of substance use and other risky behaviors. However, group-based interventions and positive social supports are also beneficial for successful cessation of substance use and addictive behaviors. Thus, social influences can contribute to adaptive or maladaptive decision-making and depend on the context and nature of the influence. Despite the strong contribution of peer influence to individuals' risky (or safe) decision-making, the mechanistic processes underlying susceptibility and resilience to social influence have received limited investigation. Here, we combine a longitudinal cohort design, functional neuroimaging, novel behavioral economic paradigms, and a model-based approach to examine whether substance use, and changes in substance use, are related to individual differences in two mechanisms by which social information influences risky decision- making (Aims 1 & 2). To test the extent to which changes in substance use may also impact susceptibility to social influence, we will further examine reciprocal effects of substance use on the mechanisms of social influence over time (Aim 3). Our broad hypothesis is that biases in neural and behavioral processing of information from social others contribute to the development of substance use behaviors in adolescents and may explain why social others have an unusually large impact on certain adolescents' decisions to engage in substance use.

项目概要/摘要 在美国，物质使用行为是导致死亡率和发病率的主要原因 青少年，每年造成约 600 亿美元的经济成本。消极同行 影响是早期开始使用药物和其他危险行为的主要环境风险因素。 然而，基于团体的干预和积极的社会支持也有利于成功戒烟。 物质使用和成瘾行为。因此，社会影响可能导致适应性或适应不良 决策的制定取决于影响的背景和性质。尽管做出了巨大贡献 同伴对个人风险（或安全）决策的影响，其背后的机制过程 对社会影响的敏感性和恢复力的调查有限。 在这里，我们结合了纵向队列设计、功能神经影像学、新颖的行为经济学 范式和基于模型的方法来检查物质使用和物质使用的变化是否 与社会信息影响风险决策的两种机制的个体差异有关 制作（目标 1 和 2）。测试物质使用的变化在多大程度上也可能影响对以下疾病的易感性 社会影响，我们将进一步研究物质使用对社会影响机制的相互影响 随着时间的推移产生的影响（目标 3）。我们的广泛假设是，神经和行为处理中的偏差 来自社会他人的信息有助于青少年和青少年物质使用行为的发展 可以解释为什么社会他人对某些青少年的参与决定有异常大的影响 物质的使用。