Defining the crucial role of MAGOH in cerebellar development and the potential for targeting the EJC in medulloblastoma treatment

定义 MAGOH 在小脑发育中的关键作用以及在髓母细胞瘤治疗中靶向 EJC 的潜力

• 批准号: 10199065
• 负责人: Timothy Gershon
• 金额: $ 33.65万
• 依托单位: UNIV OF NORTH CAROLINA CHAPEL HILL
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2018-09-15 至 2022-06-17
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10199065
• 关键词: ASPM gene; Affect; Animals; Apoptosis; Apoptotic; Brain; Brain Diseases; Brain Neoplasms; Cell Death; Cell Survival; Cells; Cerebellum; Childhood Brain Neoplasm; Complex; Congenital cerebellar hypoplasia; Cytoplasmic Granules; DNA; DNA Damage; DNA biosynthesis; Development; Exons; Failure; Genes; Genetic; Genetic Screening; Goals; Grant; Growth; Heterogeneity; Hour; Human; Impairment; Individual; Intervention; Lead; Link; Malignant neoplasm of brain; Mediating; Messenger RNA; Microcephaly; Mitosis; Mitotic; Molecular; Mus; Mutate; Mutation; Normal Cell; Pathogenesis; Pathology; Pattern; Pediatric Neoplasm; Phenotype; Play; Population; Process; Proliferating; Prosencephalon; RNA Decay; RNA Processing; RNA Splicing; Recurrence; Recurrent tumor; Regulation; Resistance; Role; S Phase; System; TP53 gene; Testing; Therapeutic; Time; base; cancer therapy; clinically relevant; efficacy testing; genome integrity; improved; in vivo; insight; medulloblastoma; mind control; mouse genetics; mouse model; mutant; neoplastic cell; nerve stem cell; neurogenesis; novel; postnatal; prevent; progenitor; replication stress; response; stem cells; transcriptomics; tumor; tumor growth

ABSTRACT We propose to study the role of the exon junction complex (EJC) in cerebellar development and medulloblastoma. Medulloblastoma is the most common malignant brain tumor in children, and it arises as a disruption of postnatal cerebellar neurogenesis. We have found that neural progenitors in the postnatal cerebellum strictly require EJC function, as genetic deletion of the EJC component Magoh induces catastrophic DNA damage and cell death specifically in these cells. We developed mice in which Magoh could be deleted with temporal control, and found that Magoh deletion causes cell death throughout the cerebellar progenitor population within 72 hours. Moreover, we raised medulloblastoma-prone mice in which Magoh could be deleted with temporal control and found the Magoh deletion in tumors caused DNA damage and cell death similar to the effect in progenitor cells. Based on these findings, we propose that the EJC plays a central, previously unappreciated role in maintaining the genomic integrity and the survival of cerebellar progenitors and medulloblastoma cells. Uncovering the mechanisms through which the EJC regulates progenitors and medulloblastoma cells will provide new insight into the pathogenesis of brain growth failure in microcephaly and may lead to new treatments for medulloblastoma. Aim 1 of the grant will focus on cerebellar progenitors and use Magoh deletion to identify the mechanisms of DNA integrity and cell survival that depend on the EJC. Aim 2 will use Magoh deletion to determine how EJC disruption alters tumor growth in a primary, in vivo mouse model of medulloblastoma. These Aims will show how the EJC maintains progenitor survival during brain growth and test the hypothesis that the EJC can be targeted to improve medulloblastoma therapy.

抽象的 我们建议研究外显子连接复合物（EJC）在小脑发育和髓母细胞瘤中的作用。 髓母细胞瘤是儿童中最常见的恶性脑肿瘤，它是由于出生后神经系统的破坏而产生的。 小脑神经发生。我们发现出生后小脑的神经祖细胞严格需要EJC功能， 由于 EJC 成分 Magoh 的基因缺失会导致灾难性的 DNA 损伤和细胞死亡，特别是在这些细胞中。 细胞。我们开发了可以通过时间控制删除 Magoh 的小鼠，并发现 Magoh 删除会导致 72 小时内整个小脑祖细胞群的细胞死亡。此外，我们还提出了易患髓母细胞瘤的 可以通过时间控制删除 Magoh 的小鼠，并发现肿瘤中的 Magoh 删除会导致 DNA 损伤和细胞死亡与祖细胞中的效果相似。基于这些发现，我们建议 EJC 发挥以下作用： 在维持基因组完整性和小脑祖细胞的存活方面发挥着重要的、以前未被认识到的作用 髓母细胞瘤细胞。揭示 EJC 调节祖细胞和髓母细胞瘤的机制 细胞将为小头畸形脑生长障碍的发病机制提供新的见解，并可能导致新的研究 髓母细胞瘤的治疗。该拨款的目标 1 将重点关注小脑祖细胞，并利用 Magoh 缺失来 确定依赖于 EJC 的 DNA 完整性和细胞存活机制。目标 2 将使用 Magoh 删除来 确定 EJC 破坏如何改变原代髓母细胞瘤体内小鼠模型中的肿瘤生长。这些目标 将展示 EJC 如何在大脑生长过程中维持祖细胞存活，并测试 EJC 可以 有针对性地改善髓母细胞瘤治疗。