Spatial language in normal and aphasic subjects

正常人和失语症受试者的空间语言

• 批准号: 7658270
• 负责人: Anjan K Chatterjee
• 金额: $ 32.48万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2007
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2007-08-01 至 2012-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7658270
• 关键词: Address; Anatomy; Area; Brain Injuries; Categories; Cognition; Cognitive; Communication; Competence; Conceptions; Data; Dimensions; Dorsal; Event; Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Goals; Human; Image; Image Analysis; Knowledge; Label; Language; Lateral; Left; Lesion; Linguistics; Link; Location; Maps; Mediating; Mediation; Motion; Motivation; Motor; Nervous system structure; Neuroanatomy; Neuropsychology; Parietal; Patients; Perception; Process; Research Personnel; Semantics; Specific qualifier value; Structure; Symptoms; System; Techniques; Temporal Lobe; Testing; Thinking; Ursidae Family; Vision; abstracting; aphasic; base; cognitive system; design; disability; experience; falls; flexibility; language processing; neuroimaging; programs; relating to nervous system; segregation

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The central aim of this proposal is to characterize how humans conceptualize and label spatial events. Humans recognize events that occur in the world and use language to communicate information about these events. How does this world to word mapping occur? What are the links between perception, perceptual categories and linguistic spatial representations? In approaching these questions, we will test a set of nested hypotheses postulating that spatial events (for speaking) are decomposed into static and dynamic as well as intrinsic and extrinsic spatial information. These kinds of spatial information are represented along a gradient, ranging from the concrete and perceptual to the abstract and conceptual. The system is also designed to both recognize specific spatial events and be able to generalize from specific instances to general categories. We will use a two-pronged strategy to test these hypotheses in our 2 specific aims. First, we will test the hypothesis that the neural mediation of spatial events is decomposed into manner of motion (intrinsic) and path and locative (extrinsic) information. Perceptually, these two kinds of information are linked to human MT/MST and fronto-parietal networks respectively. Furthermore, each domain has a functional anatomic organization with a gradient ranging from perception to conception to linguistic expression. Second, we will test the hypothesis that intrinsic and extrinsic spatial information can be selectively disrupted by brain damage. These perceptual and cognitive systems will be selectively vulnerable to disruption depending on whether damage occurs within postero-lateral temporal or fronto-parietal networks. These studies will further expand our knowledge of disabilities in relational thinking experienced by aphasic patients that are not traditionally investigated. Furthermore, we plan to advance voxel based lesion symptom analytic techniques in establishing the functional neuroanatomy in aphasic subjects. In summary, we plan to use imaging and neurolinguistic studies to advance our understanding of spatial concepts for language. Our goal is to establish points of convergence in this aspect of spatial cognition across cognitive linguistics, functional neuroimaging and neuropsychology, and to further our understanding of the deficits experienced by aphasic subjects.

描述（由申请人提供）：该提案的核心目的是表征人类如何概念化和标记空间事件。人类认识到世界上发生的事件，并使用语言传达有关这些事件的信息。这个世界对单词映射的方式如何发生？感知，感知类别和语言空间表示之间有什么联系？在解决这些问题时，我们将测试一组嵌套的假设，假设空间事件（用于讲话）被分解为静态和动态以及内在和外在空间信息。这些空间信息沿梯度表示，从具体和感知到抽象和概念。该系统还旨在识别特定的空间事件，并能够从特定实例概括到一般类别。我们将在我们的两个特定目标中使用两管制的策略来检验这些假设。首先，我们将检验以下假设：空间事件的神经介导分解为运动方式（固有），路径和位置（外部）信息。从感知上讲，这两种信息分别与人类MT/MST和额叶网络有关。此外，每个领域都有一个功能性解剖组织，其梯度从感知到概念到语言表达。其次，我们将检验以下假设：脑损伤可以选择性地破坏内在和外在的空间信息。这些感知和认知系统将有选择地遭受破坏的影响，具体取决于损害是否发生在后外侧时间或额叶网络中。这些研究将进一步扩大我们对传统上没有调查的失语症患者经历的关系思维中的残疾知识。此外，我们计划推进基于体素的病变症状分析技术，以确定失语症受试者的功能性神经解剖学。总而言之，我们计划使用成像和神经语言学研究来促进我们对语言空间概念的理解。我们的目标是在跨认知语言学，功能神经影像学和神经心理学的空间认知方面建立融合点，并进一步理解我们对失语主体所经历的缺陷。