Spatial language: Developmental and Neural Studies

空间语言：发育和神经研究

• 批准号: 7142088
• 负责人: Anjan K Chatterjee
• 金额: $ 24.45万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2006
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2006-09-30 至 2011-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7142088
• 关键词: behavioral /social science research tag; brain injury; cerebral dominance; child psychology; clinical research; communication; developmental psychology; frontal lobe /cortex; human subject; infant human (0-1 year); language; motion perception; neural information processing; neuroanatomy; preschool child (1-5); psychological tests; space perception; temporal lobe /cortex; videotape /videodisc

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The central aim of this proposal is to characterize how humans conceptualize and label spatial events. Humans recognize events that occur in the world and use language to communicate information about these events. How does this world to word mapping occur? What are the links between perception, perceptual categories and linguistic spatial representations? In approaching these questions, we will test a set of nested hypotheses postulating that spatial events (for speaking) are decomposed into static and dynaimc as well as intrinsic and extrinsic spatial information. These kinds of spatial information are represented along a gradient, ranging from the concrete and perceptual to the abstract and conceptual. The system is also designed to both recognize specific spatial events and be able to generalize from specific instances to general categories. We will use a three-pronged strategy to test these hypotheses in our 3 specific aims. First, we will test the hypothesis that during development spatial events become decomposed into manner (intrinsic) and path (extrinsic) of motion. This decomposition occurs for both prelinguistic and linguistic categories and proceeds along a concrete/perceptual to an abstract/conceptual gradient. Second, we will test the hypothesis that the neural mediation of spatial events is decomposed into manner of motion (intrinsic) and path and locative (extrinsic) information. Perceptually, these two kinds of information are linked to human MT/MST and fronto- parietal networks respectively. Furthermore, each domain has a functional anatomic organization with a gradient ranging from perception to conception to linguistic expression. Finally, will test the hypothesis that intrinsic and extrinsic spatial information can be selectively disrupted by brain damage. These perceptual and cognitive systems will be selectively vulnerable to disruption depending on whether damage occurs within postero-lateral temporal or fronto-parietal networks. By using developmental, imaging and neurolinguistic studies, we hope to advance our understanding of spatial concepts for language. Our goal is to establish points of convergence in this aspect of spatial cognition across cognitive linguistics, developmental psychology, functional neuroimaging and neuropsychology.

描述（由申请人提供）：该提案的核心目的是表征人类如何概念化和标记空间事件。人类认识到世界上发生的事件，并使用语言传达有关这些事件的信息。这个世界对单词映射的方式如何发生？感知，感知类别和语言空间表示之间有什么联系？在解决这些问题时，我们将测试一组嵌套的假设，假设空间事件（用于说话）被分解为静态和dynaimc以及内在的和外在的空间信息。这些空间信息沿梯度表示，从具体和感知到抽象和概念。该系统还旨在识别特定的空间事件，并能够从特定实例概括到一般类别。我们将在我们的3个特定目标中使用三管制策略来检验这些假设。首先，我们将测试以下假设：在发展过程中，空间事件被分解为运动的方式（内在）和运动的路径（外部）。这种分解是针对前语言和语言类别发生的，并沿着混凝土/感知进行抽象/概念梯度进行。其次，我们将检验以下假设：空间事件的神经介导分解为运动方式（固有），路径和位置（外部）信息。从感知上讲，这两种信息分别与人类MT/MST和额叶网络有关。此外，每个领域都有一个功能性解剖组织，其梯度从感知到概念到语言表达。最后，将检验以下假设：内在和外在空间信息可以被脑损伤选择性破坏。这些感知和认知系统将有选择地遭受破坏的影响，具体取决于损害是否发生在后外侧时间或额叶网络中。通过使用发展，成像和神经语言学研究，我们希望能够提高对语言空间概念的理解。我们的目标是在跨认知语言学，发育心理学，功能神经影像学和神经心理学的这一方面建立融合点。