Functional organization of preforntal cortex

前额皮质的功能组织

• 批准号: 7475462
• 负责人: MARK D'ESPOSITO
• 金额: $ 18.69万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA BERKELEY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2002
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2002-09-15 至
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7475462
• 关键词: Adult; Alzheimer' s Disease; Anterior; Behavior; Behavior Control; Behavioral; Brain Diseases; Brodmann' s area; Child; Cognition; Complex; Cues; Data; Development; Dimensions; Electrocorticogram; Electrophysiology (science); Epilepsy; Event-Related Potentials; Frontotemporal Dementia; Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Functional disorder; Goals; Human; Investigation; Joints; Knowledge; Lateral; Lead; Learning; Lesion; Maintenance; Measures; Mediating; Mental Processes; Methodology; Methods; Modeling; Nature; Numbers; Operative Surgical Procedures; Parkinson Disease; Patients; Process; Psyche structure; Research; Resolution; Response to stimulus physiology; Role; Short-Term Memory; Staging; Stroke; Techniques; Testing; Thinking; Transcranial magnetic stimulation; Traumatic Brain Injury; Uncertainty; base; behavior test; brain behavior; brain surgery; clinically significant; cognitive control; concept; design; frontal lobe; insight; interest; mental representation; nervous system disorder; neuroimaging; neuromechanism; neuropsychological; nonhuman primate; research study; response; theories

The broad goal of Project 1 is to advance understanding of the organization of lateral frontal cortex, both in terms of the regional distinctions that define its functional topography and the principles by which these regions interact to produce controlled behavior. The first set of experiments was designed to test the hypothesis that frontal cortex is hierarchically organized, with progressively more anterior regions processing higher-order representations. According to this hierarchical hypothesis, successive stages of processing lead to increased abstraction and complexity of representation along a posterior-anterior gradient across frontal cortex. This hypothesis will be tested with two paradigms and a variety of approaches: behavioral data from patients with focal PFC lesions, temporary lesions with transcranial magnetic stimulation, intracortical recordings in humans prior to epilepsy surgery, and fMRI studies in adults and children. The second set of experiments focuses on the most anterior part of lateral frontal cortex, a region implicated in higher cognition about which relatively little is known. Based on preliminary data, we have argued that this region is involved in the joint consideration of multiple relationships between mental representations - a general function that can be used to compare, evaluate, or integrate across concepts, or to coordinate several ongoing mental processes. A variety of complementary techniques will be used to test whether anterior lateral frontal cortex is sensitive to the need to consider multiple relations between items. Basic knowledge about the functional organization of frontal cortex gained from these proposed studies is of central clinical significance, and can provide substantial insights into the nature of a large number of neurological disorders associated with the frontal lobe dysfunction, such as stroke, traumatic brain injury, and degenerative brain diseases including Parkinson's, Alzheimer's Disease, and frontotemporal dementia.

项目1的广泛目标是促进对侧面皮层组织组织的理解， 在定义其功能形态的区域区别和原理方面 这些区域相互作用以产生受控行为。第一组实验是 旨在测试额叶皮层是分层组织的假设，逐渐逐渐 前区处理高阶表示。根据这个分层假设 处理的连续阶段导致提高的抽象和代表性的复杂性 额叶横向皮质的后侧梯度。该假设将通过两个范式进行检验 和多种方法：来自局灶性PFC病变患者的行为数据，临时病变 通过经颅磁刺激，癫痫手术之前人类的皮质记录， 以及成人和儿童的fMRI研究。第二组实验侧重于最前方 侧面皮层的一部分，一个区域涉及更高的认知，相对较少的是 已知。根据初步数据，我们认为该区域参与了联合 考虑心理表征之间多种关系 - 可以 用于比较，评估或整合概念，或协调一些正在进行的心理 过程。各种互补技术将用于测试前侧面额叶是否 皮层对考虑项目之间的多重关系很敏感。基本知识 从这些拟议的研究中获得的额叶皮质的功能组织是核心临床的 意义，可以提供大量神经系统性质的大量见解 与额叶功能障碍相关的疾病，例如中风，脑损伤和 退化性脑疾病，包括帕金森氏症，阿尔茨海默氏病和额颞 失智。