Deconstructing the temporal and multi-level influences of the baroreflex mechanism on alcohol use behaviors

解构压力感受反射机制对饮酒行为的时间和多层次影响

• 批准号: 9925211
• 负责人: Jennifer F. Buckman
• 金额: $ 14.83万
• 依托单位: RUTGERS, THE STATE UNIV OF N.J.
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2016-05-05 至 2022-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9925211
• 关键词: Affect; Aftercare; Alcohol consumption; Alcohol or Other Drugs use; Alcohols; Ambulatory Care; Attention; Awareness; Back; Baroreflex; Behavior; Behavior Control; Behavior Therapy; Behavioral; Behavioral Mechanisms; Biology; Blood Pressure; Brain; Breathing; Breathing Exercises; Cardiac; Cardiovascular system; Child; Clinical; Cognition; Cognitive; Computer software; Conscious; Cues; Data; Drug Use Disorder; Drug usage; Ecological momentary assessment; Elements; Environment; Event; Feedback; Frequencies; Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Goals; Heart; Independent Scientist Award; Interruption; Intervention; Laboratories; Lead; Link; Measures; Mediating; Mediator of activation protein; Methodology; Methods; Modeling; National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism; Nature; Parents; Participant; Performance; Persons; Physiological; Play; Public Health; Randomized Clinical Trials; Reaction; Research; Research Support; Rest; Rewards; Role; Science; Severities; Signal Transduction; System; Systems Integration; Task Performances; Test Result; Testing; Time; TimeLine; Training; Treatment outcome; United States National Institutes of Health; Visceral; Woman; Work; active control; alcohol intervention; attentional control; base; behavior change; behavior influence; career development; clinical translation; cognitive control; cognitive testing; design; drinking; drug testing; drug use behavior; experience; experimental study; flexibility; group intervention; heart rate variability; improved; innovation; insight; neuroimaging; novel; performance tests; post intervention; psychologic; recruit; relating to nervous system; research and development; response; smartphone Application; stem; success; theories; tool; treatment as usual

Abstract This Independent Scientist Award application, in response to PAR-14-045, seeks to extend understanding of the baroreflex (the heart-brain feedback loop) as a malleable physiological mechanism of behavior change. Its significance stems from the central role that physiological reactions to environmental and internal cues play in instigating ‘automatic’ alcohol use behaviors despite conscious motives to remain abstinent, and the far- reaching public health impact that would arise from optimizing methods to interrupt these ‘automatic’ behaviors. Its innovation derives from a career development and research plan that bridges AUD treatment- based mechanisms of change research with NIH’s broad science of behavior change platform. Specifically, the proposed, and highly integrated, career development and research components focus on conceptual/analytical training and studies to deconstruct the baroreflex mechanism in terms of its temporal nature (in-the-moment versus across time) and its multi-level influence on biology (heart/brain), cognition (attention), and behavior (alcohol use). The ultimate goal is to bring the scientific evidence for how the baroreflex acts to affect behavior change in line with growing evidence of its clinical utility. The proposed career development activities span three domains: ecological momentary assessment (EMA) analytic strategies, attention theory and tasks, and neuroimaging tools and methodologies, to increase understanding of how behavioral flexibility towards alcohol is managed across cardiovascular and neural systems, and how disruption to the integration of these systems can disrupt attention, leading to a loss of adaptive flexibility and the persistence of AUDs. The first research aim uses EMA strategies to examine the temporal relationship between in-the-moment physiological changes and physiological, psychological and substance use changes that occur daily and weekly during treatment. In doing so, it provides direct insight into changes in baroreflex activation on short time scales and under real world conditions when resonance breathing is used in response to triggers outside the treatment context. The second research aim uses experimental studies to examine the ability of baroreflex activation to alter in-the- moment as well as longer-term (pre- to post-treatment) attentional processing via its influence on neural and cardiac signaling. Thus, it tests whether attention, measured from cognitive test performance as well as physiological and fMRI BOLD reactivity, mediates the influence of baroreflex activation on behavioral control. The research plan is designed as an efficient add-on to R01 AA023667, “Project IMPACT: In-the-Moment Protect from Automatic Capture by Trigger”, a randomized clinical trial that delivers a baroreflex-based intervention as an adjunct to treatment-as-usual for alcohol and drug use disorders in women with young children (through April 2019). If successful, the proposed research will serve as a springboard for understanding the relation of the baroreflex to cognitive processing, cardiac and neural activity, and to the often unpredictable success of current empirically supported behavioral treatments for AUD.

抽象的 此独立科学家奖申请是为了响应 PAR-14-045，旨在加深对 压力反射（心脑反馈回路）作为行为变化的可塑性生理机制。 重要性源于对环境和内部线索的生理反应在其中发挥的核心作用 尽管有意识地保持戒酒的动机，但仍煽动“自动”饮酒行为，而远 优化中断实现这些“自动”的方法所产生的公共健康影响 其创新源于连接 AUD 治疗的职业发展和研究计划- NIH 广泛的行为改变科学平台的基础上的改变研究机制。 拟议的、高度综合的职业发展和研究部分侧重于概念/分析 训练和研究以解构压力反射机制的时间性质（即时） 与跨时间的比较）及其对生物学（心脏/大脑）、认知（注意力）和行为的多层次影响 （酒精使用）的最终目标是提供压力反射如何影响行为的科学证据。 随着越来越多的证据表明其临床实用性，拟议的职业发展活动范围不断变化。 三个领域：生态瞬时评估（EMA）分析策略、注意力理论和任务，以及 神经影像工具和方法，以增加对酒精行为灵活性的理解 跨心血管和神经系统进行管理，以及如何破坏这些系统的整合 会扰乱注意力，导致适应性灵活性的丧失和 AUD 的持续存在。 Target 使用 EMA 策略来检查即时生理变化之间的时间关系 治疗期间每天和每周发生的生理、心理和药物使用变化。 这样做，它可以直接洞察短时间尺度和真实压力反射激活的变化 当使用共振呼吸来响应治疗环境之外的触发因素时的世界条件。 第二个研究目标是利用实验研究来检验压力反射激活改变体内的能力。 时刻以及长期（治疗前到治疗后）注意力处理通过其对神经和神经的影响 因此，它测试注意力是否通过认知测试表现以及测量来衡量。 生理和功能磁共振成像大胆反应，介导压力反射激活对行为控制的影响。 该研究计划被设计为 R01 AA023667“项目影响：即时 防止触发自动捕获”，这是一项随机临床试验，提供基于压力反射的 对患有青少年的妇女进行酒精和药物滥用常规治疗的辅助干预措施 儿童（截至 2019 年 4 月）。如果成功，拟议的研究将作为跳板。 了解压力反射与认知处理、心脏和神经活动以及与 当前经经验支持的 AUD 行为治疗的成功通常是不可预测的。