Environmental Determinants of Physical Activity in Children: A focus on gender

儿童体力活动的环境决定因素：关注性别

• 批准号: 7667925
• 负责人: Noe Cuauhtemoc Crespo
• 金额: $ 1.24万
• 依托单位: SAN DIEGO STATE UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2007
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2007-08-01 至 2009-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7667925
• 关键词: 9 year old; Accounting; Acculturation; Affect; Age; Behavior; Characteristics; Child; Childhood; Cognitive; Communities; Cross-Sectional Studies; Data; Data Analyses; Development; Device or Instrument Development; Elderly; Enrollment; Family; Foundations; Funding; Gender; Health; Health Professional; Health behavior; Individual; Intervention; Intervention Studies; Lead; Measurement; Measures; Mediator of activation protein; Mentorship; Modeling; Morbidity - disease rate; Non-Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus; Obesity; Outcome Measure; Overweight; Parents; Physical activity; Prevention; Prevention strategy; Public Health; Recreation; Relative (related person); Research; Self Efficacy; Sex Characteristics; Stereotyping; Surveys; Testing; Training; Validation; Work; aged; base; boys; cohort; girls; improved; instrument; novel; obesity in children; obesity prevention; parent grant; prevent; programs; psychosocial; tool; trend; waist circumference

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Childhood obesity and related co-morbidities such as type 2 diabetes have emerged as major public health challenges. Results from national surveys show that overweight and obesity trends have continued to rise. While treatment efforts are very costly and often not efficacious, prevention seems to be a more viable option. Understanding how obesity is related to health behavior is key to developing appropriate prevention strategies. As such, research efforts have focused on modifiable behaviors such as physical activity. Most studies show that boys are more active than girls, yet no study has developed an intervention in order to reduce these gender differences. Understanding key mediators and moderators of these gender differences will provide the necessary information for such studies. The long-term objectives are to gain an ecologically-oriented, empirically-based understanding of the determinants of gender differences in physical activity in children that will help in the development of gender- tailored interventions to promote physical activity in both boys and girls. The specific aims are to 1) develop new and/or modify existing measurement tools to assess key mediators and moderators of child's physical activity behaviors, and 2) conduct a cross-sectional study to implement these new tools to assess the gender-specific correlates of children's physical activity. This proposal will include the development, validation, and application of novel or refined measures to assess psychosocial, environmental and cultural correlates of physical activity in children aged 7-9 yrs old with a focus on gender. The first two years of training will be devoted to course work, analytical training, intense mentorship, development of instruments, and pilot testing of new or modifying existing measurement tools. The third through fifth years of training will involve conducting a cross-sectional study to implement these new measurement tools in a recreation center-based study (the NIDDK-funded parent grant) and analysis of data. Outcome measures will include child BMI, waist circumference, and physical activity via accelerometry. Independent variables will include: child, parental, community, cultural and environmental level data (i.e., child gender stereotypes, perceived barriers, parent support/modeling, acculturation, and availability of community physical activity programs). The relevance of this study is to give public health professionals critical information about what determines gender difference in physical activity of children. This information will be utilized to tailor physical activity programs for children so that both boys and girls can become more active, thus giving both equal opportunity to improve health and prevent obesity and type 2 diabetes.

描述（由申请人提供）：儿童肥胖和相关的合并症（例如2型糖尿病）已成为主要的公共卫生挑战。全国调查的结果表明，超重和肥胖趋势持续上升。尽管治疗工作非常昂贵，而且通常不有效，但预防似乎是一个更可行的选择。了解肥胖与健康行为的关系是制定适当的预防策略的关键。因此，研究工作集中在可修改的行为上，例如体育活动。大多数研究表明，男孩比女孩更活跃，但是没有研究为了减少这些性别差异而进行干预。了解这些性别差异的关键调解人和主持人将为此类研究提供必要的信息。长期目标是获得对生态导向的，基于经验的理解，对儿童体育活动中性别差异的决定因素，这将有助于发展性别量身定制的干预措施，以促进男孩和女孩的体育锻炼。具体目的是1）开发新的和/或修改现有的测量工具，以评估儿童体育锻炼行为的关键介体和主持人，以及2）进行横断面研究以实施这些新工具，以评估儿童体育锻炼的性别特异性相关性。该建议将包括新的或精致的措施的发展，验证和应用，以评估7-9岁儿童体育活动的心理，环境和文化相关性，重点是性别。培训的前两年将致力于课程工作，分析培训，强烈的指导，工具的开发以及对现有测量工具进行新的或修改的试点测试。第三到第五年的培训将涉及在基于娱乐中心的研究（NIDDK资助的父母资助）和数据分析中进行横断面研究以实施这些新的测量工具。结果指标将包括儿童BMI，腰围和通过加速度测定法。独立变量将包括：儿童，父母，社区，文化和环境层面数据（即，儿童性别刻板印象，感知的障碍，父母支持/建模，适应和社区体育活动计划的可用性）。这项研究的相关性是为公共卫生专业人员提供有关决定儿童体育锻炼性别差异的重要信息。这些信息将用于为儿童量身定制体育锻炼计划，以便男孩和女孩都变得更加活跃，从而为改善健康和预防肥胖和2型糖尿病提供了平等的机会。