Microbiological Characterization and Mitigation of Bioaerosols in CAFOs

CAFO 中生物气溶胶的微生物特征和缓解

• 批准号: 7647969
• 负责人: NORMAN R PACE
• 金额: $ 29.85万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF COLORADO
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2006
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2006-09-15 至 2011-09-14
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7647969
• 关键词: Microbiological; Characterization; Mitigation; Bioaerosols; CAFOs

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Human respiratory illnesses are a burgeoning cause of morbidity for individuals who work in concentrated animal feeding operations (CAFO). Contact with high densities of livestock in close quarters exposes CAFO workers to large quantities of airborne microbes, antigens, and toxins, which combine to induce acute and chronic respiratory disorders. CAFO workers, particularly those working with swine and poultry, are at the forefront of risk for emerging zoonotic diseases of intense public health concern, including avian influenza, swine influenza, and multi-drug resistant pathogens. Except for the most acute infections, the etiological agents of lung disorders in CAFO workers are not well characterized, because most available microbiological knowledge has depended on culture, which is poorly informative. In contrast, molecular-based assays, such as broad-range polymerase chain reaction (PCR) can provide comprehensive surveys of microbial populations. Moreover, molecular assays can be performed much more rapidly and less expensively than can conventional culture-based techniques. The goals of the proposed four-year program are to use advanced molecular techniques to fully characterize the microbiology of bio-aerosols associated with selected CAFOs and to employ these techniques to test the efficacies of two engineering processes for bio-aerosol disinfection: U.V. irradiation and electrical discharge. Longitudinal air sampling will be performed at two each of swine, poultry, and cattle CAFOs in order to generalize results. The findings of this study are potentially critical for controlling CAFO workers' exposures to harmful microorganisms, advancing diagnostics, directing antimicrobial therapies, and measuring treatment outcomes. The specific objectives of this project are to: 1. Identify and quantify microorganisms associated with CAFO bio-aerosols using traditional and culture- independent technology. 2. Develop and validate PCR-based assays applicable to detection and quantification of bio-aerosol- associated microbes. 3. Evaluate U.V. irradiation and electrical discharge methods of bio-aerosol disinfection in controlled, laboratory environment. 4. Determine the impact on total and viable microbial loads in CAFOs following mitigation with U.V. irradiation and electrical discharge methods of bio-aerosol disinfection.

描述（由申请人提供）：人类呼吸系统疾病是在集中动物喂养行动（CAFO）中工作的人的迅速发病率。与高密度的近距离牲畜接触，使CAFO工人接触到大量的空中微生物，抗原和毒素，它们结合起来诱导急性和慢性呼吸系统疾病。 CAFO工人，尤其是那些从事猪和家禽工作的工人，处于新兴的强烈公共健康关注人畜共患病风险的最前沿，包括禽流感，猪流感和耐多药的病原体。除了大多数急性感染外，CAFO工人中肺部疾病的病因学药物没有很好地表征，因为大多数可用的微生物学知识取决于文化，这是信息不足的。相反，基于分子的测定，例如宽范围聚合酶链反应（PCR）可以对微生物种群进行全面的调查。此外，与常规基于培养的技术相比，分子测定可以更快，更少的昂贵性。拟议的四年计划的目标是使用先进的分子技术来充分表征与选定CAFOS相关的生物卫星的微生物学，并采用这些技术来测试两种工程过程的生物溶毒消毒的效率：U.V.辐照和电排放。纵向空气采样将在猪，家禽和牛Cafos中进行两个，以概括结果。这项研究的发现对于控制CAFO工人对有害微生物的暴露，推进诊断，指导抗菌治疗和测量治疗结果至关重要。该项目的具体目标是：1。使用传统和文化独立技术识别和量化与CAFO Bio-Aerosols相关的微生物。 2。开发和验证基于PCR的测定法，适用于检测和定量生物溶剂相关的微生物。 3。评估U.V.在受控实验室环境中生物 - 蓝溶剂消毒的辐射和电排放方法。 4。确定与U.V.减轻CAFO的总和可行微生物负荷的影响。生物 - 大赛消毒的辐射和电排放方法。