CAREER: Characterization of Turbulence in Urban Environments for Wind Hazard Mitigation

职业：城市环境湍流特征以减轻风灾

• 批准号: 2340755
• 负责人: Marco Giometto
• 金额: $ 58.5万
• 依托单位: Columbia University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2024
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2024-04-01 至 2029-03-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2340755&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: CAREER; Characterization; Turbulence; Urban; Environments

In the past decade, losses from extreme wind events have exceeded those from all other natural disasters combined. Among hurricanes, tornadoes, thunderstorm downbursts, and other phenomena, virtually every region of the U.S. is at risk of extreme winds. Predictions from climate models anticipate an escalation in the occurrence and severity of these hazards, underscoring the need for cost-effective design concepts to create wind-resistant buildings. The structural integrity and long-term performance of low-rise buildings and civil infrastructure are heavily influenced by atmospheric turbulence near ground level where this infrastructure exists. Yet, a solid grasp of this flow phenomenon is lacking, limiting the ability to create risk-consistent design guidance. This Faculty Early Career Development (CAREER) award will support research that attempts to address this knowledge gap by advancing the fundamental understanding of turbulence in densely populated environments and the associated wind loads on structures. The project will utilize a combination of wind tunnel experiments, computer simulations, and theoretical developments in fluid dynamics. Findings from this project will enable improvements in wind-resistant design standards, bolstering national welfare and prosperity. Research activities will be complemented by an educational and outreach program leveraging recent advances in virtual and augmented reality technology to enhance teaching and accessibility to engineering education. This award will contribute to the U.S. National Science Foundation (NSF) role in the National Windstorm Impact Reduction Program (NWIRP).The specific objective of this project is twofold: the first is to characterize turbulence and fundamental mechanisms responsible for extreme wind events in urban areas under stationary and non-stationary flow conditions; the second is to derive improved analytical formulations for flow statistics that are relevant to the precise characterization of wind-loading conditions. An extensive series of wind tunnel tests and high-fidelity computational fluid dynamics simulations of flow over idealized urban environments will form the basis for the analysis. The hypothesis is that analysis of Reynolds stress budget equations combined with modern model reduction and coherent-structures identification techniques will enable the development of conceptual formulations encoding the dependency of first and higher order flow statistics onto surface morphology and flow forcing conditions. The analytical models will be derived for integration within building design codes to improve the resilience of low-rise structures, with potential long-lasting impacts on large-scale community resilience to the changing landscape of wind hazards. The project will utilize the NSF-supported Natural Hazards Engineering Research infrastructure (NHERI) Boundary Layer Wind Tunnel at the University of Florida and will archive and make publicly available the project data in the NHERI Data Depot (https://www.DesignSafe-CI.org).This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

在过去的十年中，极端风事件的损失超过了所有其他自然灾害的损失。在飓风，龙卷风，雷暴爆发和其他现象中，几乎美国每个地区都有极风的风险。气候模型的预测预测这些危害的发生和严重程度会升级，强调了对创建抗风建筑物的成本效益设计概念的需求。低层建筑物和民用基础设施的结构完整性和长期性能受到该基础设施存在的地面水平附近的大气湍流的严重影响。然而，缺乏对这种流动现象的坚实掌握，从而限制了创建风险一致的设计指导的能力。这项教师早期职业发展（职业）奖将支持尝试解决这一知识差距的研究，通过促进对人口稠密的环境中的湍流以及对结构的相关风负载的基本了解。该项目将利用风洞实验，计算机模拟和流体动力学的理论发展的组合。该项目的发现将使防风设计标准有所改善，增强民族福利和繁荣。研究活动将由一项教育和外展计划提供补充，该计划利用了虚拟和增强现实技术的最新进展，以增强教学和工程教育的可访问性。该奖项将促进美国国家科学基金会（NSF）在国家风暴影响减少计划（NWIRP）中的作用。该项目的具体目标是双重的：第一个是表征湍流和基本机制，负责使人的平稳和非机构流动条件下城市地区的极端风事件；第二个是为了改善与风载条件的精确表征相关的流量统计数据的分析公式。一系列的风洞测试和高保真计算流体动力学模拟了理想化的城市环境，将构成分析的基础。假设是，对雷诺应力预算方程式的分析结合了现代模型降低和相干结构识别技术，将能够开发编码第一和高级流量流量统计对表面形态和流动强迫条件的依赖性的概念配方。分析模型将得出在建筑设计代码中的集成，以提高低层建筑物的弹性，并可能对大规模社区的韧性产生潜在的持久影响，以应对风危的不断变化。该项目将利用NSF支撑的自然危害工程研究基础设施（NHERI）边界层在佛罗里达大学的风洞，并将归档，并在NHERI数据仓库中公开提供项目数据（https://wwww.designsignsafe-ci.org）。智力优点和更广泛的影响审查标准。