MRI methods for high resolution imaging of the lung

用于肺部高分辨率成像的 MRI 方法

基本信息

批准号：
9898434
负责人：
Kevin Michael Johnson
金额：
$ 66.61万
依托单位：
UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2018
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2018-04-15 至 2022-03-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9898434
关键词：
3-Dimensional Address Adult Air Algorithms Architecture Asthma Benign Biofeedback Breathing Characteristics Chest Child Childhood Chronic Obstructive Airway Disease Clinical Complex Cystic Fibrosis Data Detection Development Diagnosis Diagnostic Diffusion Disease Dose Early Diagnosis Economics Evaluation Excision Fibrosis Goals Image Image Analysis Imaging Techniques Inflammation Institution Ionizing radiation Lead Lung Lung diseases Lung infections Lung nodule MRI Scans Magnetic Resonance Imaging Malignant - descriptor Malignant Neoplasms Measures Metabolism Metastatic Neoplasm to the Lung Methodology Methods Modality Morphologic artifacts Motion Nodule Pathology Patients Pediatrics Perfusion Phase Population Positioning Attribute Positron-Emission Tomography Preparation Pulmonary Embolism Radiation Radiation Dose Unit Radiation Tolerance Radiation exposure Radioactive Tracers Research Resolution Respiratory physiology Safety Sampling Scanning Scheme Sedation procedure Signal Transduction Specificity Structure Structure of parenchyma of lung System Techniques Time Tissues X-Ray Computed Tomography base bulk motion chest computed tomography clinical practice clinical translation cloud based contrast imaging design effectiveness evaluation experience follow-up high resolution imaging image reconstruction imaging modality imaging study improved innovation interstitial lung imaging lung visualization magnetic field next generation non-invasive imaging novel patient population pediatric patients prognostic reconstruction respiratory screening single photon emission computed tomography social soft tissue spatiotemporal tool treatment response ventilation

项目摘要

ABSTRACT There is an enormous economic and social burden of lung disease that demands improved tools to diagnose, stage, and follow treatment response. To assess heterogeneous and localized pulmonary diseases, cross- sectional imaging is often performed, most commonly with computed tomography (CT) or radioactive tracers (SPECT/PET). While these techniques provide structural and functional information, respectively, they deliver considerable radiation dose which limits use in radiosensitive and pediatric populations. This proposal aims to shift the current clinical practice paradigms for pulmonary imaging by making magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) a valuable modality for lung imaging. MRI delivers no ionizing radiation and can thus be used for longitudinal follow-up or screening in radio-sensitive populations. Furthermore, MRI provides multi- parametric contrast based on microstructure, ventilation, perfusion, cellular metabolism, and inflammation that can improve the assessment of lung diseases. Unfortunately, the radiation-free and multi-parametric benefits of MRI are not currently clinically available for lung imaging due to low signal in the lung and sensitivity to motion with current imaging methods. Recent developments by our group and others have demonstrated that the MRI acquisition paradigm can be modified to enable dramatic improvements in the visualization of the lung that rival CT in ventilated and cooperative subjects with the added benefit of providing improved soft tissue contrast. However, patients often suffer from poor lung function and/or have difficulty with compliance, which leads to complex, irregular breathing and bulk motion that cannot be handled by current MRI techniques. We propose a next generation of pulmonary MRI techniques that are designed to address and overcome the limitations of motion and low lung signal while also incorporating multiple MR soft tissue contrast mechanisms. These address all aspects of MRI scanning including patient preparation and experience, the MRI acquisition, and the reconstruction of images from the data. Specifically, we develop an audiovisual biofeedback system to improve the patient experience while also reducing the likelihood for complex motion, develop multi-contrast MRI sampling strategies which maximize embedded motion information, and create a reconstruction architecture which leverages the MRI data directly to estimate and correct for motion even in the case of complex motion. These methods would be beneficial for characterizing numerous diseases of the lung, both in pediatric and adult populations, including pulmonary nodules, pulmonary embolism, interstitial fibrosis, cystic fibrosis, COPD, asthma, and pulmonary infection. They will have the most significant impact in pediatrics, where there is an urgent need to limit ionizing radiation exposure. Anticipating applications to this population, we have included a broad evaluation in pediatric subjects and a specific pediatric imaging evaluation of pulmonary nodules from other primary malignancies. These nodule evaluations are most common use of pediatric chest CT at our institutions, and thus represent a substantial opportunity for dose reduction.

抽象的肺部疾病造成巨大的经济和社会负担，需要改进的诊断工具，阶段，并跟踪治疗反应。为了评估异质性和局部性肺部疾病，通常进行断面成像，最常见的是计算机断层扫描 (CT) 或放射性示踪剂（SPECT/PET）。虽然这些技术分别提供了结构和功能信息，但它们提供了相当大的辐射剂量限制了在辐射敏感人群和儿科人群中的使用。该提案旨在通过使磁性成像改变当前肺部成像的临床实践范式共振成像（MRI）是一种有价值的肺部成像方式。 MRI 不产生电离辐射，因此可以用于放射敏感人群的纵向随访或筛查。此外，MRI 还提供多种基于微观结构、通气、灌注、细胞代谢和炎症的参数对比可以改善肺部疾病的评估。不幸的是，无辐射和多参数的好处由于肺部信号低且对肺部成像敏感，目前临床上尚无法使用 MRI 进行肺部成像使用当前的成像方法进行运动。我们小组和其他人的最新进展表明可以修改 MRI 采集范例，以显着改善肺部的可视化在通气和合作受试者中可与 CT 相媲美，并具有改善软组织的额外好处对比。然而，患者经常患有肺功能差和/或难以依从性，这导致复杂、不规则的呼吸和大量运动，这是当前 MRI 技术无法处理的。我们提出了下一代肺部 MRI 技术，旨在解决和克服运动限制和低肺部信号，同时还结合了多种 MR 软组织对比机制。这些内容涉及 MRI 扫描的各个方面，包括患者准备和经验、MRI 采集、以及从数据中重建图像。具体来说，我们开发了一个视听生物反馈系统改善患者体验，同时减少复杂运动的可能性，开发多重对比 MRI 采样策略可最大化嵌入的运动信息并创建重建即使在以下情况下，该架构也可以直接利用 MRI 数据来估计和校正运动：复杂的运动。这些方法将有助于表征许多肺部疾病，无论是在儿童和成人人群，包括肺结节、肺栓塞、间质纤维化、囊性病变纤维化、慢性阻塞性肺病、哮喘和肺部感染。它们将对儿科产生最重大的影响，迫切需要限制电离辐射暴露的地方。预计对这一人群的应用，我们对儿科科目进行了广泛的评估，并进行了特定的儿科影像学评估其他原发性恶性肿瘤引起的肺部结节。这些结节评估最常用的是我们机构的儿科胸部 CT 扫描，因此代表了减少剂量的重大机会。