Behavioral and MRI Evaluation of Prenatal Alcohol Exposure

产前酒精暴露的行为和 MRI 评估

基本信息

批准号：
7252117
负责人：
EDWARD P RILEY
金额：
$ 45.47万
依托单位：
SAN DIEGO STATE UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
1995
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
1995-01-01 至 2010-06-30
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7252117
关键词：
Adolescent Affect Animals Area Behavior Behavior assessment Behavioral Brain Brain imaging Brain region Cerebral hemisphere Child Cognitive Complement Corpus Callosum Data Diagnosis Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging Exposure to Face Fetal Alcohol Exposure Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder Fetal Alcohol Syndrome Functional Imaging Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Grant Gray unit of radiation dose Human Image Image Analysis Imaging Techniques Individual Intervention Investigation Learning Disabilities Magnetic Resonance Imaging Measures Nature Neuraxis Neuropsychological Tests Outcome Pilot Projects Problem behavior Range Recording of previous events Recruitment Activity Relative (related person)Reporting Research Short-Term Memory Stress Structure Techniques Time Work alcohol exposure behavior test brain behavior disability gray matter multidisciplinary neurobehavioral neuropsychological prenatal exposure white matter white matter change white matter damage

项目摘要

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS) encompasses a broad range of disabilities involving both structural and functional changes. Among the most devastating effects are those caused by alterations in the central nervous system (CMS). These CMS changes result in the cognitive and behavioral deficits reported in most studies of FAS. In addition, it is recognized that brain and behavioral changes can occur in the absence of the facial features required for an FAS diagnosis. In our studies, children with heavy prenatal exposure to alcohol (PEA), who do not have the obvious physical features of FAS, show changes in both brain and behavior similar to those seen in FAS. The term fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASD) is now being used to describe the range of effects resulting from prenatal alcohol exposure and to reflect that these effects can occur in both dysmorphic and nondysmorphic individuals. Our structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies have indicated that white matter in the brain may be particularly sensitive to the effects of prenatal alcohol exposure. At the same time we have noticed a similarity between the behavioral effects of prenatal alcohol exposure and those resulting from white matter damage. The proposed project is multidisciplinary in nature, including neuropsychological assessment and brain imaging studies. We plan to continue our structural MRI studies, and in addition, we are proposing two new imaging techniques: diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) to assess white matter damage and functional MRI (fMRI) to assess changes in brain function while performing a task known to be sensitive to prenatal alcohol exposure. This proposal represents a continuation of work that we have been conducting over the last 10 years. Our behavioral assessments will stress tasks hypothesized to be sensitive to white matter changes and our imaging studies will complement these behavioral investigations and allow us to correlate changes in brain with our behavioral findings. Furthermore, we will conduct these investigations in both dysmorphic and nondysmorphic individuals with FASD. We believe that our approach has been successful thus far, and that this multidisciplinary project will expand our understanding of the devastating effects of prenatal alcohol exposure, hopefully informing us sufficiently that we might begin to propose reasonable intervention strategies

描述（由申请人提供）：胎儿酒精综合征（FAS）包括涉及结构和功能变化的广泛残疾。最具破坏性的效果是由中枢神经系统（CMS）改变引起的。这些CMS变化导致大多数FAS研究中报告的认知和行为缺陷。此外，人们认识到，在没有FAS诊断所需的面部特征的情况下，大脑和行为变化可能会发生。在我们的研究中，没有FA的明显物理特征的大量产前暴露于酒精（PEA）的儿童显示出类似于FAS中的大脑和行为的变化。胎儿酒精谱（FASD）一词现在用于描述产前酒精暴露引起的影响范围，并反映这些作用在畸形和非畸形个体中都可能发生。我们的结构磁共振成像（MRI）研究表明，大脑中的白质可能对产前酒精暴露的影响特别敏感。同时，我们注意到产前酒精暴露的行为影响与白质损害造成的行为影响之间有相似之处。拟议的项目本质上是多学科的，包括神经心理学评估和大脑成像研究。我们计划继续我们的结构MRI研究，此外，我们提出了两种新的成像技术：扩散张量成像（DTI），以评估白质损伤和功能性MRI（fMRI），以评估大脑功能的变化，同时执行已知对产前酒精暴露敏感的任务。该提案代表了过去十年来我们从事的工作的延续。我们的行为评估将强调假设对白质变化敏感的任务，我们的成像研究将补充这些行为研究，并使我们能够将大脑的变化与行为发现相关联。此外，我们将在具有FASD的畸形和非畸形个体中进行这些研究。我们认为，到目前为止，我们的方法已经取得了成功，并且这个多学科项目将扩大我们对产前酒精暴露的破坏性影响的理解，希望充分告知我们，我们可以开始提出合理的干预策略