Alcohol Expectancies: Mediators of Biopsychosocial Risk in Early Adolescence?

酒精预期：青春期早期生物心理社会风险的中介因素？

• 批准号: 7491646
• 负责人: MARK S GOLDMAN
• 金额: $ 62.66万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH FLORIDA
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2007
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2007-09-01 至 2012-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7491646
• 关键词: 3 year old; Acute; Adolescence; Adolescent; Adolescent Development; Age; Age-Years; Alcohol abuse; Alcohol consumption; Alcohols; Animals; Biological; Cereals; Child; Cognitive; Compatible; Data; Databases; Dependence; Development; Developmental Process; Evolution; Expectancy; Family; Gender; Growth; Growth and Development function; Human; Individual; Intervention; Investigation; Link; Localized; Measurement; Measures; Mediating; Mediation; Mediator of activation protein; Modeling; Monitor; Numbers; Outcome; Parents; Participant; Pathway interactions; Pattern; Prevention; Process; Range; Recruitment Activity; Research; Research Personnel; Resolution; Rewards; Risk; Risk-Taking; Siblings; Social Environment; Source; Testing; Time; Validation; addiction; alcohol reward; base; biopsychosocial; classical conditioning; concept; contextual factors; cost; design; drinking; early childhood; expectation; indexing; neurophysiology; peer influence; prevent; programs; psychologic; resilience; sex; social; theories; underage drinking

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Adolescents suffer many acute adverse consequences from alcohol use. Recent epidemiological findings have linked adolescence to the development of alcohol abuse and dependence. This co-occurrence suggests that the processes of adolescent development may encourage the development of alcohol involvement. This project investigates this possibility during entry into adolescence because: 1) this age range may be a developmental "hot zone," in which a number of biological, psychological, and environmental influences on drinking converge; 2) we believe our plan to frequently assess alcohol use will open a new "window" on drinking development without incurring cost and feasibility issues associated with an earlier start and lengthier investigation; and, most importantly, 3) our previous research on alcohol expectancies directs us to this period as central to understanding drinking onset. In studies of expectancies in children before drinking begins, we observed a cognitive shift with the transition to adolescence: before adolescence, children primarily associated negative outcomes with drinking, but by early adolescence, drinking was primarily associated with positive and arousing outcomes. Our intent is to identify the source of this shift as a means of probing key developmental influences on drinking. Using an accelerated longitudinal/sibling design, we will recruit 245 families, each with a child 8.5 years of age and a same-gender older sibling whose age is within three years of the index participant. Both parents and both children will be assessed three times per year for 4-5 years, to span 7 developmental years. Our aims are to use growth modeling to: 1) measure selected biopsychosocial developmental changes as participants move into adolescence; 2) determine which of these changes best predicts the change in expectancies from primarily negative to primarily positive; 3) determine which of these changes best predicts the development of drinking; and 4) test which parameters of the adolescent transition influence the development of drinking via mediation by expectancy change. Identification of such pathways should clarify which developmental processes are not just correlated with drinking, but actually contribute to drinking involvement through the expectancy mechanism. Increased understanding of these causal pathways will direct us to the most important targets for intervention, and may suggest new mechanisms that may be modified to delay/prevent drinking onset.

描述（由申请人提供）：青少年遭受饮酒的急性不良后果。最近的流行病学发现将青春期与酗酒和依赖的发展联系起来。这种同时出现的表明，青少年发展的过程可能会鼓励饮酒的发展。该项目在进入青春期期间调查了这种可能性，因为：1）这个年龄范围可能是一个发育的“热区”，其中许多生物学，心理和环境对饮酒的影响融合； 2）我们认为，我们经常评估酒精使用的计划将为饮酒开发打开一个新的“窗口”，而不会产生与早期开始和更长的调查相关的成本和可行性问题；而且，最重要的是，3）我们先前对酒精期望的研究指导我们到这一时期，这是了解饮酒发作的核心。在饮酒之前对儿童期望的研究中，我们观察到了与青春期过渡的认知转变：青春期之前，儿童主要与饮酒相关的负面结果，但是到青春期初，饮酒主要与阳性和唤醒的结果有关。我们的目的是将这种转变的来源确定为探索对饮酒的关键发展影响的一种手段。使用加速的纵向/兄弟姐妹设计，我们将招募245个家庭，每个家庭有一个8.5岁的孩子和同性年龄较大的同性兄弟姐妹，其年龄在索引参与者的三年之内。父母和两个孩子都将每年评估3次，共4-5岁，跨越7年的发育年份。我们的目的是将增长模型用于以下方式：1）随着参与者进入青春期，衡量选定的生物心理社会发展变化； 2）确定这些变化中的哪一个最能预测期望的变化从主要负面到主要正面； 3）确定这些变化中的哪一个最能预测饮酒的发展； 4）测试青少年过渡的哪些参数会通过预期变化通过调解来影响饮酒的发展。这种途径的识别应阐明哪些发育过程不仅与饮酒相关，而且实际上会通过预期机制促进饮酒的参与。对这些因果途径的了解增加将引导我们进入干预的最重要目标，并可能提出可能修改以延迟/防止饮酒的新机制。