Citizen-Science Technology for Healthy Living at Home

公民科学技术促进健康家居生活

• 批准号: 10710042
• 负责人: Ellison M Carter
• 金额: $ 62.18万
• 依托单位: ACCESS SENSOR TECHNOLOGIES, LLC
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2019-09-24 至 2025-06-30
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10710042
• 关键词: Air; Air Pollutants; Air Pollution; Budgets; Carbon Dioxide; Cardiovascular Diseases; Chicago; Childhood Asthma; Collection; Communities; Conscious; Construction Materials; Control Groups; Data; Disease; Environmental Exposure; Environmental Risk Factor; Exposure to; Failure; Friends; Goals; Government; Guidelines; Health; Health Personnel; Health Status; Home; Household; Housing; Humidity; Individual; Indoor Air Quality; Infiltration; Institution; Intervention; Intervention Studies; Investments; Kidney Diseases; Knowledge; Link; Location; Lung; Measurement; Measures; Metabolic Diseases; Monitor; Morbidity - disease rate; Neighborhoods; Nitrogen Dioxide; Outcome; Particulate Matter; Persons; Phase; Policies; Pollution; Privatization; Process; Randomized; Recommendation; Regulation; Reporting; Research Design; Resources; Respiratory Disease; Sampling; Small Business Innovation Research Grant; Source; Surveys; System; Technology; Temperature; Time; Training; United States; air monitoring; ambient air pollution; asthmatic patient; automated analysis; burden of illness; care providers; citizen science; community organizations; cooking; cost; design; disparity reduction; ethnic disparity; ethnic diversity; ethnic health disparity; exposed human population; group intervention; health disparity; improved; indoor air; indoor concentrations; indoor pollutant; instrument; land use; manufacture; member; mortality; nervous system disorder; people of color; pollutant; premature; racial disparity; racial diversity; recruit; residence; sensor; success; ventilation; volatile organic compound

Abstract Human exposure to air pollution is the leading environmental risk factor for premature morbidity and mortality worldwide and, in the United States (U.S.), people of color suffer from many diseases associated with exposure to air pollution at higher rates than white people. Our understanding of human exposure to air pollution is based largely on measurements of outdoor pollutant concentrations and a multitude of studies have found that, following decades of discriminatory housing and land-use policies, people of color are more likely to live in U.S. neighborhoods with higher concentrations of outdoor air pollution; however, outdoor air pollution data do not capture the full picture of human exposure. People living in the U.S. spend most of their time indoors at home and prior studies have found that in-home air pollutant concentrations—which, being a combination of pollution from outdoor and indoor sources, are also likely to be impacted by the aforementioned discriminatory policies— tend to be better-correlated with personal exposures than outdoor concentrations. In-home air pollution is rarely characterized due to the cost and complexity of setting up large, noisy, finicky monitors in private residences. The goal of this Phase II SBIR project is to reduce the amount of air pollution U.S. residents are exposed to at home by making characterization of in-home air quality easy; affordable; useful to home occupants; and widespread enough to influence local-, state-, and national-level policies. The first aim of this project is to develop a small, quiet, easy-to-use “Home Health Box” (HHB) that measures indoor concentrations of particulate matter, volatile organic compounds, carbon dioxide, and nitrogen dioxide using a combination of low-cost sensors and high-fidelity integrated samplers. The HHB is designed to eliminate the need for an air quality professional to go to the home; once the HHB is delivered, an occupant simply needs to set it in a central location, plug it in, and switch it on. Data collected by the HHB will undergo automated analyses, be reviewed by an air quality professional, and then be synthesized into a report that will (a) compare measured pollutant levels to guidelines, (b) describe potential pollution sources, and (c) suggest affordable actions that occupants could take to improve their in-home air quality. The second aim of this project is to evaluate whether HHB sampling and subsequent receipt of a personalized “Home Health Report” (HHR) helps households improve their in-home air quality over time. A racially- and ethnically-diverse group of households will be recruited in partnership with healthcare providers and community organizations in Denver and Chicago. Homes will be randomized into intervention and control groups. Homes in both groups will receive three, one-week HHB deployments spaced six weeks apart. After each of the first two deployments, homes in the intervention group will receive a HHR. We will (a) investigate whether and how air quality changes over time in control and intervention homes and (b) survey intervention households on the utility of the Home Health Reports. All homes will receive a HHR at the end of the study.

抽象的 人类接触空气污染是导致过早发病和死亡的主要环境风险因素 在世界范围内，在美国，有色人种患有许多与暴露相关的疾病 我们对人类暴露于空气污染的理解是基于比白人更高的空气污染率。 主要是对室外污染物浓度的测量，大量研究发现， 经过几十年的歧视性住房和土地使用政策，有色人种更有可能居住在美国 室外空气污染浓度较高的社区；然而，室外空气污染数据并未显示 捕捉人类暴露的全貌。生活在美国的人们大部分时间都呆在家里。 之前的研究发现，家庭空气污染物浓度——其中，污染的组合 来自室外和室内的来源，也可能受到上述歧视性政策的影响—— 与室外空气浓度相比，与个人暴露的相关性往往更好。 其特点是在私人住宅中设置大型、嘈杂、挑剔的监视器的成本和复杂性。 第二阶段 SBIR 项目的目标是减少美国居民在 使家庭空气质量的表征变得容易，对家庭居住者有用； 广泛到足以影响地方、州和国家层面的政策。 该项目的首要目标是开发一种小型、安静、易于使用的“家庭健康盒”（HHB），用于测量 室内颗粒物、挥发性有机化合物、二氧化碳和二氧化氮的浓度 HHB 结合使用低成本传感器和高保真集成采样器来消除这种情况。 需要空气质量专业人员上门；一旦 HHB 交付，住户只需需要 将其设置在中央位置、插入电源并打开 HHB 收集的数据将自动进行。 分析，由空气质量专业人员审查，然后综合成一份报告，该报告将 (a) 进行比较 根据指南测量污染物水平，(b) 描述潜在的污染源，以及 (c) 建议负担得起的 居住者可以采取的改善室内空气质量的行动。 该项目的第二个目标是评估 HHB 抽样和随后收到的个性化信息是否符合要求。 “家庭健康报告”(HHR) 帮助家庭随着时间的推移改善其室内空气质量。 将与医疗保健提供者和社区合作招募不同种族的家庭群体 丹佛和芝加哥的组织将被随机分为干预组和对照组。 前两次部署后，两个小组将接受三次为期一周的 HHB 部署，每次部署间隔六周。 部署后，干预组中的家庭将收到 HHR，我们将 (a) 调查是否以及如何空气。 控制和干预家庭的质量随着时间的推移而变化，以及 (b) 调查干预家庭的公用事业情况 所有家庭都会在研究结束时收到一份 HHR。