The ESPINA Study Follow-up Examination in 2016: Environmental Pollutants and Child/Adolescent Development

2016年ESPINA研究跟踪检查：环境污染物与儿童/青少年发展

基本信息

批准号：
9242028
负责人：
Jose Ricardo Suarez
金额：
$ 50.56万
依托单位：
UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2016
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2016-04-01 至 2021-03-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9242028
关键词：
Acetylcholine Acetylcholinesterase Address Adolescence Adolescent Adolescent Development Adrenal Glands Adrenal hormone preparation Affect Age Agriculture Animals Anxiety Attention Behavior Blood Brain Carbamates Child Childhood Chlorinated Hydrocarbons Cholinesterase Inhibitors Chronic Communities County Data Dose Ecuador Endocrine disruption Environment Environmental Pollutants Exposure to Flowers Follow-Up Studies Food Food Chain Fumigation Future Gonadal Steroid Hormones Harvest Home environment Hormones House Dust Insecticides Investigation Lice Link Measures Memory Mental Depression Mental Health Mental disorders Modification Mothers Muscarinic Acetylcholine Receptor Neurodevelopmental Disability Nicotinic Receptors Occupational Organophosphates Outcome Participant Pathway interactions Performance Pest Control Pesticides Physiological Predisposition Prevention program Production Publishing Rattus Recommendation Reporting Research Risk Assessment Role Sample Size Sampling Scabies Source Symptoms Testing Time Toxic effect aged agricultural community anxiety symptoms boys cohort depressive symptoms design disorder prevention epidemiology study exposure pathway follow-up girls improved neurobehavior neurobehavioral neurotoxicity pesticide exposure public health relevance sex volunteer

项目摘要

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Neurodevelopmental disabilities and mental health disorders are prevalent and have been steadily increasing in US children over the last 2 decades. Worldwide pesticide use is at an all-time high as agricultural mass production continues to expand. People are exposed to pesticides through fumigated food, pest control in their homes and communities, and during certain approved treatments for lice and scabies. The most commonly used classes of insecticides worldwide are neonicotinoids and cholinesterase inhibitors, including organophosphate and carbamates. Older pesticides, such as organochlorines, are of present concern because they are persistent and are still detected in the environment and people, even though many were banned 40 years ago. Organophosphates, and to a lesser extent organochlorines, have been associated with neurobehavioral delays in children and there is growing evidence that boys are more sensitive to exposures than girls. Neonicotinoids have not been studied in this context among children. In 2008, we examined 313 children (ages 4-9 y) living in floricultural communities in Ecuador in the Secondary Pesticide Exposure on Children and Adolescents (ESPINA) study. The objective of the proposed study is to conduct a follow-up of ESPINA participants in 2016 and supplement the sample with new volunteers for a total of 410 participants (ages 12-17 y). We will assess, longitudinally, the associations of pesticide exposures with neurobehavior and symptoms of anxiety and depression. We propose 2 exams: an Abbreviated exam during the peak of Mother's Day flower production (Apr 2016) and a Full exam soon after the harvest (Jul/Aug 2016). We will investigate the following associations (hypotheses): 1) Pesticide exposures (cholinesterase inhibitors, neonicotinoids and OCPs) are associated with long-term neurobehavioral alterations, and will assess whether boys are more susceptible than girls. 2) Pesticide exposures are associated with anxiety and depression symptoms. 3) Pesticide exposures are associated with transient neurobehavioral alterations. We will assess change of AChE activity and scores of attention and inhibition between the Abbreviated and Full exams. We will also test whether time since the flower harvest is positively associated with neurobehavioral performance in the full battery of assessments. As a secondary aim, we will assess whether adrenal and sex hormones modify the associations of pesticide exposures with mental health outcomes. Impact: Few epidemiologic studies have assessed pesticide exposures in relation to mental health for extended periods of time, and we know of no published studies on adolescents. ESPINA 2016 will address how pesticide exposure relates to mental health symptoms longitudinally, and will provide, for the first time, repeated assessments of short-term neurobehavioral changes associated with pesticide exposures in children.

描述（由申请人提供）：神经发育障碍和精神健康障碍在美国儿童中普遍存在，并且在过去 20 年中不断增加。随着农业大规模生产的不断扩大，全球范围内农药的使用量达到了历史最高水平。通过熏蒸食品、家庭和社区害虫防治以及在某些批准治疗虱子和疥疮的过程中使用杀虫剂。全世界最常用的杀虫剂类别是新烟碱类杀虫剂和胆碱酯酶抑制剂，包括。有机磷酸酯和氨基甲酸酯等较旧的农药目前受到关注，因为它们具有持久性，并且仍然在环境和人类中检测到，尽管许多有机磷酸酯和较小程度的有机氯已被禁用。儿童神经行为迟缓，并且越来越多的证据表明男孩比女孩对新烟碱类杀虫剂更敏感。2008 年，我们对儿童进行了研究。儿童和青少年二次农药接触 (ESPINA) 研究中有 313 名生活在厄瓜多尔花卉社区的儿童（年龄 4-9 岁）。拟议研究的目的是对 2016 年 ESPINA 参与者进行随访并补充研究。我们对总共 410 名参与者（12-17 岁）的新志愿者进行了抽样调查，我们将纵向评估农药暴露与农药接触之间的关联。我们建议进行 2 项检查：在母亲节鲜花生产高峰期（2016 年 4 月）进行简短检查，在收获后不久进行全面检查（2016 年 7 月/8 月）。假设）：1）农药暴露（胆碱酯酶抑制剂、新烟碱类和 OCP）与长期神经行为改变相关，并将评估男孩是否比女孩更容易受到影响。 2) 农药暴露与焦虑和抑郁症状相关。 3) 农药暴露与短暂的神经行为改变有关。我们还将测试采花后的时间是否与全套评估中的神经行为表现呈正相关。作为次要目标，我们将评估肾上腺和性激素是否会改变。影响：很少有流行病学研究长期评估农药接触与心理健康的关系，而且我们知道 ESPINA 2016 还没有发表的研究将探讨农药接触与心理健康的关系。纵向症状，并将首次提供与儿童农药接触相关的短期神经行为变化的重复评估。