Life Course and Contextual Determinants of HIV Risk
HIV 风险的生命历程和背景决定因素
基本信息
- 批准号:7019109
- 负责人:
- 金额:$ 21.54万
- 依托单位:
- 依托单位国家:美国
- 项目类别:
- 财政年份:2003
- 资助国家:美国
- 起止时间:2003-03-10 至 2009-01-31
- 项目状态:已结题
- 来源:
- 关键词:HIV infectionsadolescence (12-20)behavioral /social science research tagclinical researchcommunitydisease /disorder proneness /riskfamily structure /dynamicshigh risk behavior /lifestylehuman datalifestylelongitudinal human studypsychometricsschoolssex behaviorsocial behaviorsocial support networksocioeconomicsurban area
项目摘要
DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This proposal seeks to advance knowledge regarding adolescent life course determinants of HIV risk behavior with explicit attention to the neighborhood context of risk. While a range of studies has investigated the role of structural context (e.g., neighborhood poverty) on the prevalence of risk behavior, few have attempted to unpack the mechanisms that link these factors with rates of risky sexual activity. We address the following questions: (1) Are structural and spatial features of urban neighborhoods (concentrated disadvantage, concentrated affluence, residential stability, & ethnic heterogeneity) associated with adolescent sexual risk behavior? (2) Do neighborhood social processes (collective efficacy, physical and social disorder, & normative orientations) mediate or moderate associations between neighborhood structural effects and sexual risk behavior? (3) Do community institutional resources (neighborhood organizations/services & schools) mediate or moderate associations among neighborhood structural effects and sexual risk behavior? And (4) Do neighborhood social networks and family processes (conflict/aggression and parental warmth, harshness, and engagement) mediate or moderate neighborhood structural effects on sexual risk behavior? We also consider whether the effect of hypothesized mechanisms of neighborhood structural effects on sexual risk behavior are moderated by individual developmental vulnerabilities (poor emotional health and low cognitive functioning) and proximal risk factors (exposure to violence, deviant peers, & risk tolerant attitudes) as well as potential interactions between neighborhood social processes and other contextual influences. Data from the Project on Human Development in Chicago Neighborhoods are used to examine neighborhood effects on sexual risk behavior. This study is multilevel, with households randomly selected from 80 Chicago neighborhoods stratified by race/ethnicity and SES. For this proposal, 3 waves of data will be used for 3 cohorts of youth first seen at ages 9, 12, and 15 and every 2 years thereafter (N = 2344). Intensive interviews with adolescents and parents were conducted at each wave. Neighborhood characteristics were assessed before wave 1 and at wave 3. Neighborhood data are drawn from: (1) large-scale survey of resident's assessments of neighborhoods; (2) observational study of neighborhoods; (3) Census data; and (4) administrative data from local agencies.
描述(由申请人提供):该提案旨在提高有关艾滋病毒风险行为的青少年生活过程的知识,并明确关注邻里风险环境。尽管一系列研究调查了结构环境(例如邻里贫困)对风险行为流行的作用,但很少有人试图解开将这些因素与风险性活动率联系起来的机制。 我们解决以下问题:(1)与青春期性风险行为相关的城市社区的结构和空间特征(集中劣势,集中富裕,富裕,住宅稳定和种族异质性)? (2)邻里社会过程(集体疗效,身体和社会障碍以及规范取向)是否在邻里结构效应与性风险行为之间进行调解或中等关联? (3)社区机构资源(邻里组织/服务与学校)是否在邻里结构性影响和性风险行为之间进行调解或中等关联? (4)邻里社交网络和家庭过程(冲突/侵略和父母的温暖,苛刻和参与)会导致或中度的社区结构对性风险行为的影响?我们还考虑了邻里结构影响对性风险行为的假设机制的影响是否受个人发育脆弱性(情绪健康差,认知功能低)和近端风险因素(暴露于暴力,差异同伴和风险承受风险的态度)以及邻里社会过程和其他情境影响之间的潜在相互作用。 来自芝加哥社区人类发展项目的数据用于检查社区对性风险行为的影响。这项研究是多层次的,家庭从种族/种族和SES分层的80个芝加哥社区中随机选择。对于此提案,将使用3个数据浪潮,用于3岁,年龄在9、12和15岁时首次看到的年轻人,此后每2年(n = 2344)。 在每个浪潮中对青少年和父母进行了密集的访谈。在第1波之前和第3浪时评估了邻里特征。从:(1)居民对邻里评估的大规模调查; (2)社区的观察性研究; (3)人口普查数据; (4)来自当地机构的行政数据。
项目成果
期刊论文数量(2)
专著数量(0)
科研奖励数量(0)
会议论文数量(0)
专利数量(0)
Neighborhood structural inequality, collective efficacy, and sexual risk behavior among urban youth.
- DOI:10.1177/002214650804900303
- 发表时间:2008-09
- 期刊:
- 影响因子:5
- 作者:Browning CR;Burrington LA;Leventhal T;Brooks-Gunn J
- 通讯作者:Brooks-Gunn J
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Christopher R Browning其他文献
Exposure of Neighborhood Racial and Socio-Economic Composition in Activity Space: A New Approach Adjusting for Residential Conditions
活动空间中邻里种族和社会经济构成的暴露:适应居住条件的新方法
- DOI:
- 发表时间:
2024 - 期刊:
- 影响因子:4.8
- 作者:
Liang Cai;Christopher R Browning;K. Cagney - 通讯作者:
K. Cagney
Christopher R Browning的其他文献
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{{ truncateString('Christopher R Browning', 18)}}的其他基金
Activity Space Adversity and Racial Disparities in Adolescent Health
青少年健康中的活动空间逆境和种族差异
- 批准号:
10754093 - 财政年份:2023
- 资助金额:
$ 21.54万 - 项目类别:
Neighborhood Context and Adolescent Psychological and Behavioral Health
邻里环境与青少年心理和行为健康
- 批准号:
7730850 - 财政年份:2009
- 资助金额:
$ 21.54万 - 项目类别:
Neighborhood Context and Adolescent Psychological and Behavioral Health
邻里环境与青少年心理和行为健康
- 批准号:
7914201 - 财政年份:2009
- 资助金额:
$ 21.54万 - 项目类别:
Neighborhood Context and Adolescent Psychological and Behavioral Health
邻里环境与青少年心理和行为健康
- 批准号:
8117521 - 财政年份:2009
- 资助金额:
$ 21.54万 - 项目类别:
Life Course and Contextual Determinants of HIV Risk
HIV 风险的生命历程和背景决定因素
- 批准号:
6590962 - 财政年份:2003
- 资助金额:
$ 21.54万 - 项目类别:
Life Course and Contextual Determinants of HIV Risk
HIV 风险的生命历程和背景决定因素
- 批准号:
6718417 - 财政年份:2003
- 资助金额:
$ 21.54万 - 项目类别:
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