Food Rheology and Exercise in Aging Humans

食物流变学和老年人运动

• 批准号: 7099297
• 负责人: WAYNE W CAMPBELL
• 金额: $ 3.93万
• 依托单位: PURDUE UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2005
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2005-02-15 至 2010-01-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7099297
• 关键词: Food; Rheology; Exercise; Aging; Humans

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Human aging is often associated with compromised regulation of energy balance and inappropriate body weight and body composition. Among adults older than 60 years, about 38% are overweight, 15% are obese, 20% are underweight, and 20-50% have sarcopenia. Safe and effective therapies to help elderly people maintain a healthy body weight and composition are sought. Liquid foods elicit weaker appetitive and dietary responses than solid foods. Thus, the ingestion of energy-yielding liquids might help underweight elderly people increase energy intake and body weight, while the ingestion of solids should be more satiating and help overweight elderly people maintain or lower body weight. Research also shows that resistive exercise and training influence the regulation of energy balance and help prevent or treat sarcopenia. Limited data indicate that resistive training influences the dietary response to nutrient supplementation in elderly people, and that these responses might be different when the supplement is consumed in liquid vs. solid form. This proposal entails three studies designed to more fully document the differential dietary responsiveness to energy-yielding liquids vs. solids in 65-90 year-old men and women who are sedentary or perform resistive exercise, to examine potential contributory mechanisms, and to test the therapeutic application of this knowledge. Study 1 will contrast the acute effects of liquid and solid food ingestion, coupled with resistive exercise, on satiation, satiety, and feeding. Study 2 will document potential mechanisms to explain findings from Study 1 through exploration of gastrointestinal influences of liquid and solid loads on certain physiological regulators of satiety (i.e., insulin, leptin, cholecystokinin, glucagon-like peptide, apolipoprotein A-IV, ghrelin, glucose, and gastrointestinal transit time). Study 3 will assess the clinical implications of the chronic intake of liquid vs. solid nutritional supplements on appetite, dietary intake, energy expenditure, body weight, body composition, and selected metabolic and endocrine regulators of feeding and energy balance. The testing of these novel hypotheses regarding differential responses to energy-yielding liquid and solid foods in sedentary and resistive-exercised elderly people will provide a strong foundation for integrative recommendations to promote safe and effective weight changes in elderly people.

描述（由申请人提供）：人类衰老通常与能量平衡调节受损以及体重和身体成分不适当有关。在60岁以上的成年人中，约38%超重，15%肥胖，20%体重不足，20-50%患有肌肉减少症。人们正在寻求安全有效的疗法来帮助老年人保持健康的体重和成分。与固体食物相比，液体食物引起的食欲和饮食反应较弱。因此，摄入产生能量的液体可能有助于体重不足的老年人增加能量摄入和体重，而摄入固体应该更容易产生饱腹感，有助于超重的老年人维持或降低体重。研究还表明，阻力运动和训练会影响能量平衡的调节，有助于预防或治疗肌肉减少症。有限的数据表明，阻力训练会影响老年人对营养补充剂的饮食反应，并且当补充剂以液体形式与固体形式食用时，这些反应可能会有所不同。该提案涉及三项研究，旨在更全面地记录久坐或进行阻力运动的 65-90 岁男性和女性对产生能量的液体与固体的不同饮食反应，以检查潜在的贡献机制，并测试这些知识的治疗应用。研究 1 将对比液体和固体食物摄入以及抵抗运动对饱腹感、饱腹感和进食的急性影响。研究 2 将通过探索液体和固体负荷对某些饱腹感生理调节剂（即胰岛素、瘦素、胆囊收缩素、胰高血糖素样肽、载脂蛋白 A-IV、生长素释放肽、葡萄糖）的胃肠道影响，记录解释研究 1 的结果的潜在机制。和胃肠道通过时间）。研究3将评估长期摄入液体与固体营养补充剂对食欲、膳食摄入、能量消耗、体重、身体成分以及喂养和能量平衡的选定代谢和内分泌调节剂的临床影响。对这些关于久坐和抵抗运动的老年人对产生能量的液体和固体食物的差异反应的新假设的测试将为综合建议提供坚实的基础，以促进老年人安全有效的体重变化。