Food Rheology and Exercise in Aging Humans

食物流变学和老年人运动

基本信息

批准号：
7173845
负责人：
WAYNE W CAMPBELL
金额：
$ 32.54万
依托单位：
PURDUE UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2005
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2005-02-15 至 2010-01-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7173845
关键词：
Activities of Daily Living Acute Adult Age Age-Years Aging Behavioral Body Composition Body Weight Body Weight Changes Body Weight decreased Body fat Brain Carbohydrates Cholecystokinin Chronic Complex Condition Consumption Coupled Cross-Over Studies Daily Data Desire for food Diet Dietary intake Documentation Eating Elderly Elderly man Endocrine Energy Intake Energy Metabolism Energy-Generating Resources Epidemic Exercise Expenditure Face Fatty acid glycerol esters Feeding behaviors Financial compensation Food Food and Beverages Foundations Gastrointestinal Transit Genetic Glucose Health Personnel Hour Human Hunger Ingestion Insulin Intake Knowledge Laboratories Leptin Liquid substance Maize Metabolic Morbidity - disease rate Numbers Nutrient Obesity Overweight Peptides Peripheral Persons Physiological Pilot Projects Plasma Population Prevalence Principal Investigator Property Proteins Recommendation Regulation Research Research Design Rheology Risk Satiation Satiety Response Signal Transduction Skeletal Muscle Smell Perception Solid Supplementation Sweetening Agents Syndrome Taste Perception Testing Therapeutic Therapeutic Intervention Time Training Underweight United States Week Weight Weight Gain Woman Zea mays desire dietary supplements energy balance falls feeding frailty gastrointestinal increased appetite mortality muscle strength neurochemistry neuropeptide Y nutrition obesity risk obesity treatment older men proctolin programs response sarcopenia sedentary size soft drink success toe corn week trial young adult

项目摘要

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Human aging is often associated with compromised regulation of energy balance and inappropriate body weight and body composition. Among adults older than 60 years, about 38% are overweight, 15% are obese, 20% are underweight, and 20-50% have sarcopenia. Safe and effective therapies to help elderly people maintain a healthy body weight and composition are sought. Pilot research shows that the ingestion of a food in fluid form elicits a weaker appetitive response, differential changes in glucose, insulin and leptin (and possibly neuropeptide Y and cholecystokinin) (each regulators of appetite), and an increase in food intake at the next meal, compared to eating a solid food. Thus, the ingestion of energy as fluids might help underweight elderly people increase energy intake and body weight, while the ingestion of solids should be more satiating and help overweight elderly people maintain or lower body weight. Research also shows that resistive exercise (RE) and training influence the regulation of energy balance and help to treat sarcopenia. Limited data indicate that RE influences the dietary response to nutrient supplementation in elderly people, and that different responses might occur when the supplement is consumed in fluid vs. solid form. This proposal entails three studies designed to more fully document the differential dietary responses to energy-yielding fluids vs. solids in 65-90 year-old persons who are sedentary or perform RE, to examine potential contributory mechanisms, and to test the therapeutic application of this knowledge. Study 1 will contrast the acute effects of fluid and solid food ingestion, coupled with RE, on satiation, satiety, and feeding. Study 2 will document potential mechanisms to explain findings from Study 1 by assessing fluid vs. solid foods and RE on specific gastrointestinal and endocrine regulators of satiety (i.e., glucose, insulin, leptin, neuropeptide Y, cholecystokinin and gastrointestinal transit time). Study 3, a cross-over study with two 8-week trials, will assess in sedentary and resistive training elderly persons the effects of the chronic intake of fluid vs. solid nutritional supplements on appetite, dietary intake, energy expenditure, body weight and composition, and the regulators of satiety listed in Study 2. Documentation of differential responses to energy-yielding fluid and solid foods in sedentary and RE elderly people will provide a strong foundation for integrative recommendations to promote safe and effective weight changes in elderly people.

描述（由申请人提供）：人类衰老通常与能量平衡调节受损以及体重和身体成分不适当有关。在60岁以上的成年人中，约38%超重，15%肥胖，20%体重不足，20-50%患有肌肉减少症。人们正在寻求安全有效的疗法来帮助老年人保持健康的体重和成分。初步研究表明，摄入流质食物会引起较弱的食欲反应，葡萄糖、胰岛素和瘦素（可能还有神经肽 Y 和胆囊收缩素）（每种食欲调节剂）的差异变化，以及下一个食物摄入量的增加。与吃固体食物相比，进餐。因此，以液体形式摄入能量可能有助于体重不足的老年人增加能量摄入和体重，而摄入固体应该更容易产生饱腹感，并有助于超重老年人维持或降低体重。研究还表明，抗阻运动 (RE) 和训练会影响能量平衡的调节，有助于治疗肌肉减少症。有限的数据表明，RE 影响老年人对营养补充剂的饮食反应，并且当补充剂以液体形式与固体形式食用时，可能会出现不同的反应。该提案涉及三项研究，旨在更全面地记录久坐或进行 RE 的 65-90 岁人群对产生能量的液体与固体的不同饮食反应，以检查潜在的贡献机制，并测试其治疗应用这些知识。研究 1 将对比液体和固体食物摄入以及 RE 对饱腹感、饱腹感和进食的急性影响。研究 2 将记录潜在机制，通过评估液体与固体食物以及饱腹感的特定胃肠道和内分泌调节剂（即葡萄糖、胰岛素、瘦素、神经肽 Y、胆囊收缩素和胃肠道传输时间）的 RE 来解释研究 1 的结果。研究 3 是一项为期 8 周的两项交叉研究，将评估久坐和阻力训练老年人中长期摄入液体与固体营养补充剂对食欲、膳食摄入、能量消耗、体重和成分的影响以及研究 2 中列出的饱腹感调节因素。久坐和 RE 老年人对产生能量的液体和固体食物的不同反应的记录将为综合建议提供坚实的基础，以促进老年人安全有效的体重变化。