Diversity Supplement to Psychosocial Stress due to COVID-19 and Vascular Aging in African-American Women

对非裔美国女性因 COVID-19 和血管老化造成的心理社会压力进行多样性补充

• 批准号: 10709289
• 负责人: Tené T Lewis
• 金额: $ 4.64万
• 依托单位: EMORY UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2021-05-01 至 2025-03-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10709289
• 关键词: 2019-nCoV; Affect; African American; African American population; Age; Aging; Blood Pressure; Blood Vessels; Body mass index; Businesses; COVID-19; COVID-19 disparity; COVID-19 impact; COVID-19 mortality; COVID-19 pandemic; COVID-19 pandemic effects; COVID-19 stress; Cardiovascular Diseases; Categories; Child Rearing; Complex; Coronavirus; Cues; Dangerousness; Data; Diastolic blood pressure; Disease; Disease Outcome; Diurnal Rhythm; Employment; Ethnic Origin; Exposure to; Financial Hardship; Funding; Gender; Genetic; Goals; Health; Heterogeneity; Hour; Hypertension; Individual; Inequality; Inflammation; Job loss; Life; Life Cycle Stages; Loneliness; Marital Status; Measurement; Measures; Modeling; Monitor; Occupations; Outcome; Participant; Pattern; Personal Satisfaction; Physiological; Prevention; Psychosocial Assessment and Care; Psychosocial Stress; Public Health; Race; Reporting; Research; Research Personnel; Rest; Risk Factors; SARS-CoV-2 infection; Shapes; Sleep; Smoking; Smoking Status; Social support; Socioeconomic Status; Specific qualifier value; Statistical Methods; Stimulus; Stress; Time; Underemployment; Unemployment; United States; Vascular Diseases; Virus; Visit; Vulnerable Populations; Woman; Work; arterial stiffness; blood pressure elevation; cardiovascular health; cardiovascular risk factor; cohort; experience; follow-up; infection rate; innovation; maltreatment; men; middle age; mortality; novel coronavirus; optimism; pandemic disease; pandemic stress; parent grant; prospective; psychosocial; psychosocial stressors; racial difference; racial disparity; resilience; social stress; social stressor; sociodemographic factors; stressor

PROJECT SUMMARY The novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) global pandemic is arguably one of the most devastating Public Health crises of the last century. In the United States, African-Americans have been disproportionately impacted, with overall rates of infection and mortality 2 to 4 times higher than those observed in Whites. Additionally, as a direct result of closings of non-essential businesses and other entities, rates of unemployment and underemployment have also surged, and African-Americans are significantly more likely than Whites to report being underemployed or furloughed due to the pandemic. Unsurprisingly, given racial disparities in COVID-19 mortality, national polls have also found racial differences in reports of COVID-related loss, with African-Americans more frequently reporting personally knowing someone who has died from COVID-19 than Whites. Because of this, it has been argued that, as a result of COVID-19, African- Americans are experiencing a “pandemic of stress” that will have a “dangerous impact” on their health and well-being long after the virus itself has been contained. Leveraging our previously funded cohort that assessed psychosocial stress and vascular aging in early middle-aged African-American women, we have an unprecedented opportunity to examine the degree to which stressors resulting from, and related to, the COVID-19 pandemic might impact vascular disease—the number 1 killer in the US-in this group. Middle-aged African-American women may be a uniquely important group on which to focus, because: 1) they have increasingly high, but poorly understood, rates of vascular disease relative to other race-gender groups; and 2) the long-term impact of the widespread financial, employment and social stressors resulting from COVID-19 might be particularly deleterious for African-American women, largely due to structural and contextual inequalities that pre-dated the pandemic itself. The proposed project will examine linkages between overall psychosocial stressors (debt, financial stress, job stress, interpersonal incivilities and mistreatment, loneliness), COVID-specific stressors (COVID-related financial difficulties, COVID-specific parenting stressors, COVID-related loss) and prospective changes in vascular aging (ambulatory blood pressure, arterial stiffness, inflammation) over 24 months in a cohort of 350 middle-aged African-American women. Because we have pre-COVID assessments of a range of psychosocial stressors, a major innovation of the proposed work is our ability to examine how pre- versus post-COVID changes in exposure to overall psychosocial stress might prospectively impact vascular aging. Importantly, we will capitalize on the considerable within-group heterogeneity in our cohort, to examine whether any of our hypothesized associations are moderated by pre- COVID assessed sociodemographic factors that might increase vulnerability (socioeconomic status, single parenthood, marital status) or resilience (e.g., purpose in life, optimism, mastery, social support) to psychosocial stress, in order to inform short- and long-term prevention efforts.

项目摘要 2019年新型冠状病毒病（COVID-19）全球大流行可以说是最毁灭性的 上个世纪的公共卫生危机。在美国，非裔美国人的比例不成比例 受影响，总体感染率和死亡率比白人中观察到的高2至4倍。 此外，作为关闭非必需企业和其他实体的直接结果 失业和就业不足也飙升，非裔美国人的可能性更大 比白人报告由于大流行而导致的就业不足或休假。毫不奇怪，鉴于种族 国家民意测验的差异19号死亡率，国家民意调查也发现了与共同相关的报告中的种族差异 损失，非洲裔美国人更经常地亲自认识某人死于 19比白人比白人。因此，有人认为，由于19日，非洲 - 美国人正在经历“压力大流行”，将对他们的健康产生“危险的影响” 病毒本身已包含很长时间后的幸福感。利用我们以前资助的队列 评估了早期中年非裔美国妇女的社会心理压力和血管衰老，我们有一个 前所未有的机会，可以检查压力源于多大程度上与之相关的程度 COVID-19大流行可能会影响血管疾病，这是美国这一组中的1个杀手。 中年非裔美国妇女可能是一个要集中精力的独特群体，因为：1）他们 相对于其他种族性别群体，血管疾病的率越来越高但知之甚少； 2）宽度的财务，就业和社会压力的长期影响是由 Covid-19可能对非裔美国妇女特别有害，主要是由于结构性和 预示着大流行本身的上下文不平等。拟议的项目将检查 整体的社会心理压力源（债务，财务压力，工作压力，人际诉讼和虐待， 孤独感），共同的压力源（与共同相关的财务困难，共同的育儿压力源， 与共同相关的损失）和血管衰老的前瞻性变化（动脉僵硬，动脉僵硬， 炎症）在350名中年非裔美国妇女的队列中，有24个月的时间。因为我们有 对一系列社会心理压力源的旋转前评估，拟议工作的主要创新是 我们检查前旋转后与杂化后对整体心理压力的暴露的能力 可能会影响血管衰老。重要的是，我们将利用集团内部的考虑 我们队列中的异质性，以检查我们的任何假设关联是否受到预先调节 共同评估的社会人口统计学因素可能会增加脆弱性（社会经济状况，单身 父母身份，婚姻状况）或韧性（例如生活，乐观，精通，社会支持的目的） 为了为短期和长期的预防工作提供信息，社会心理压力。