Dual Code Theory & Youth Physical Activity Self Efficacy

双码理论

• 批准号: 6799601
• 负责人: Deborah I Thompson
• 金额: $ 14.58万
• 依托单位: BAYLOR COLLEGE OF MEDICINE
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2003
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2003-09-10 至 2006-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6799601
• 关键词: adolescence (12-20); attention; behavior modification; behavioral /social science research tag; body physical activity; cancer risk; clinical research; computer assisted instruction; computer human interaction; computer system design /evaluation; human subject; imagination; motivation; neural information processing; obesity; problem solving; self concept; verbal learning; visual perception

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Physical activity among youth has declined over several decades. Low levels of physical activity have been associated with increased risk of both obesity and certain types of cancers. It is imperative that this trend be halted and/or reversed. Current methods attempting to increase physical activity among youth do not appear to be effective at promoting increased physical activity among youth, suggesting that innovative approaches are needed. Barriers, such as lack of time and interest, are commonly cited reasons youth do not engage in more physical activity. Self efficacy, a critical mediator of behavior change and a common target of interventions, affects the likelihood one will attempt to overcome barriers. Procedures to increase self efficacy for physical activity among youth need to be developed, tested, and theoretically explicated. Information processing techniques have been used to increase cognitive effort, and, thereby, impact information storage and retrieval. Thus, interventions to effect change in physical activity among youth would appear to benefit from including an emphasis on physical activity self efficacy to overcome barriers in a manner likely to enhance information processing. Computerized programs offer interesting possibilities for systematically manipulating characteristics of materials (e.g., visual and verbal information channels) that would affect information processing. Dual Code Theory predicts that information presented in a manner that utilizes visual and verbal processing channels simultaneously will result in more information processing and, therefore, learning. The studies in this proposal examine the effect of presentation format and processing channel on both information processing and physical activity self efficacy. Computerized multi media programs will be developed using Dual Code Theory and administered to 11-15 year old youth. In Study 1, the effect of presentation format on information processing and physical activity self efficacy will be examined. In Study 2, a factorial design will be used to more closely examine the effect of processing channel (i.e., visual vs. verbal) on information processing and physical activity self efficacy in computerized programs. The significance of these studies is that they will contribute to our understanding of the role of presentation format and processing channel in computerized multi media programs promoting increased physical activity self efficacy among youth.

描述（由申请人提供）：几十年来，青少年的体力活动有所减少。体力活动水平低与肥胖和某些类型癌症的风险增加有关。必须停止和/或扭转这种趋势。目前试图增加青少年身体活动的方法似乎并不能有效促进青少年增加身体活动，这表明需要创新方法。缺乏时间和兴趣等障碍是年轻人不进行更多体育活动的常见原因。自我效能是行为改变的关键中介因素和干预措施的共同目标，会影响人们尝试克服障碍的可能性。需要开发、测试和理论上阐明提高青少年身体活动自我效能的程序。信息处理技术已被用来增加认知努力，从而影响信息存储和检索。因此，旨在改变青少年身体活动的干预措施似乎会受益于强调身体活动自我效能，以可能增强信息处理的方式克服障碍。计算机化程序为系统地操纵影响信息处理的材料特性（例如视觉和口头信息通道）提供了有趣的可能性。双码理论预测，以同时利用视觉和语言处理通道的方式呈现信息将导致更多的信息处理，从而促进学习。本提案中的研究考察了演示格式和处理渠道对信息处理和身体活动自我效能的影响。计算机化多媒体课程将使用双码理论开发，并针对 11 至 15 岁的青少年进行管理。在研究 1 中，将研究演示格式对信息处理和身体活动自我效能的影响。在研究 2 中，因子设计将用于更仔细地检查处理通道（即视觉与语言）对计算机程序中的信息处理和身体活动自我效能的影响。这些研究的意义在于，它们将有助于我们理解计算机多媒体程序中演示格式和处理通道的作用，促进青少年体育活动自我效能的提高。