ALCOHOL & CRASH FATALITIES: ETHNIC GROUPS AT RISK

酒精

基本信息

批准号：
6620407
负责人：
EDUARDO O ROMANO
金额：
$ 15.2万
依托单位：
PACIFIC INSTITUTE FOR RES AND EVALUATION
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2002
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2002-03-01 至 2005-02-28
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Concern about the overrepresentation of some racial/ethnic groups in the U.S. in motor vehicle fatalities has put pressure on Federal and state agencies to develop and implement safety programs tailored to the special needs of minority populations. To be effective, however, these programs must be based on sound knowledge of the level of risk incurred by different groups and the reasons for their overinvolvement in crashes. Currently such comprehensive and in-depth knowledge does not exist. The purpose of the proposed research is to conduct a secondary analysis of a uniquely available data set---the FARS, a large national fatal crash database with recently added information on the race/ethnicity of fatalities --- coupled with other data sources to examine the role of race/ethnicity in alcohol-, seat belt nonuse-, and aggressive driving-related motor vehicle crash (MVC) fatality. Study I of the research will incorporate information previously not included in studies of race/ethnicity that contribute to group heterogeneity-acculturation level, education, and income-to identify more specifically the racial/ethnic groups and subgroups (ethnic/gender/age) at risk for MVCs. The methods used for this identification process will be the most comprehensive conducted to date because of the use of multiple and extensive data sets as well as the analytic techniques used. The application of segmentation analysis prior to logistic regression analyses will allow for the incorporation of a large number of relevant and interacting variables into the identification process. Groups at risk will be identified for the nation as well as for each of the four most populated and ethnically diverse states (California, New York, Texas, and Florida). Once the identification of specific ethnic/age/gender groups at risk is completed, Study 2 will link data from a national survey on drinking and driving to investigate differences in attitudes and perceptions related to impaired driving (e.g., perceived riskiness of drinking and driving, perceived likelihood of being caught and punished for driving under the influence of alcohol) across the at risk groups identified in Study 1. Thus, Study I will indicate those groups at greatest risk for crash involvement and death, while Study 2 will provide information about what personal risk factors for drinking and driving should be targeted for change by interventions to reduce the likelihood of drunk driving and alcohol-related MVC fatality among at risk groups. The results from the project will be useful to policymakers and program managers and will inform the design and delivery of traffic safety interventions tailored to minority populations.

描述（由申请人提供）：对比例过高的担忧美国的一些种族/族裔群体在机动车死亡人数中占了联邦和州机构面临开发和实施安全的压力针对少数群体特殊需求的计划。成为然而，这些计划必须以对以下领域的充分了解为基础：不同群体的风险水平及其原因过度卷入车祸。目前如此全面、深入知识不存在。拟议研究的目的是进行对唯一可用数据集——FARS 进行二次分析国家致命事故数据库最近添加了有关死亡人数的种族/族裔 --- 结合其他数据源进行检查种族/民族在酗酒、不系安全带和攻击行为中的作用与驾驶相关的机动车碰撞 (MVC) 死亡人数。研究的研究 I 将纳入以前未包含在研究中的信息种族/族裔有助于群体异质性文化适应水平，教育和收入——更具体地确定种族/族裔群体以及面临 MVC 风险的亚群体（种族/性别/年龄）。用于此目的的方法身份识别过程将是迄今为止最全面的由于使用了多个且广泛的数据集以及分析使用的技术。物流之前的细分分析的应用回归分析将允许纳入大量的将相关且相互作用的变量纳入识别过程。团体在将为国家以及四个最严重的国家确定风险人口稠密、种族多元化的州（加利福尼亚州、纽约州、德克萨斯州和佛罗里达）。一旦识别出处于危险中的特定种族/年龄/性别群体完成后，研究 2 将链接全国饮酒和饮酒调查的数据开车去调查相关的态度和看法的差异不清醒驾驶（例如，感知到酒后驾驶的风险、感知到因酒后驾驶而被抓获并受到惩罚的可能性酒精）覆盖研究 1 中确定的高危人群。因此，研究 I 将表明那些最有可能发生事故和死亡的群体，同时研究 2 将提供有关饮酒的个人风险因素的信息驾驶应该通过干预措施来改变，以减少醉酒驾驶和与酒精相关的 MVC 死亡风险的可能性组。该项目的结果将对政策制定者和项目经理并将为交通安全的设计和交付提供信息针对少数群体的干预措施。