Children's Exposure to Violence Over Space and Time

儿童在空间和时间上遭受暴力的情况

• 批准号: 7058272
• 负责人: JEANNE BROOKS-GUNN
• 金额: $ 24.56万
• 依托单位: COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY TEACHERS COLLEGE
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2005
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2005-05-01 至 2008-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7058272
• 关键词: African American; Hispanic Americans; academic achievement; adolescence (12-20); age difference; aggression; behavior disorders; behavioral /social science research tag; caucasian American; child psychology; early experience; family structure /dynamics; human data; longitudinal human study; middle childhood (6-11); mood disorders; outcomes research; parent offspring interaction; racial /ethnic difference; socioeconomics; socioenvironment; spouse abuse; statistics /biometry; suicide; violence

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The proposed study is designed to advance knowledge about the causes and consequences of exposure to violence (ETV) by focusing on temporal and spatial variation among children in witnessing and experiencing violence, and on the implications of childhood ETV over the life course. It will use three waves of data covering a 6-year period from the Project on Human Development in Chicago Neighborhoods (PHDCN) (Wave I: 1995-1996, Wave II: 1998-1999, Wave III: 2002-2002). The PHDCN is a multilevel study in which 7 age cohorts of children and youth were selected from 80 Chicago neighborhoods stratified by race/ethnicity (including homogeneous and heterogeneous compositions) and SES (low, medium and high). The cohorts selected for our study were 6, 9, 12, and 15 at Wave I (N=3,323). Four types of ETV are measured: parent-child physical aggression, inter-spousal violence, violence in the community as rated by both primary caregivers and children, and family and friend suicidality. Focal child and youth outcomes include emotional and behavior problems, academic functioning, and premature transitions to adulthood. Characteristics of the children and their families and neighborhoods will be considered simultaneously. Our analytic plan includes the use of multilevel models, which are ideally suited to the study of children nested in families and neighborhoods, and longitudinal growth-curve and developmental trajectory models, which capitalize on data from multiple time points. The study has four main research aims: 1) to measure ETV in childhood and adolescence at multiple levels of analysis (e.g., neighborhood, family, and individual) and dynamically over time; 2) to examine multilevel correlates and causes of ETV in childhood and adolescence; 3) to examine a range of consequences of ETV in children's and adolescents' lives both concurrently and longitudinally; and 4) to examine multilevel contextually and developmentally sensitive mediators and moderators of ETV effects on child and adolescent outcomes.

描述（由申请人提供）：拟议的研究旨在通过关注儿童在见证和经历暴力事件中的时间和空间变化，以及儿童期ETV对生活过程中的含义，从而提高有关暴露暴露（ETV）的原因和后果的知识。它将使用三波数据浪潮，涵盖芝加哥社区人类发展项目（PHDCN）的6年期（Wave I：1995-1996，Wave II：1998-1999，Wave III：2002-2002）。 PHDCN是一项多层次研究，其中从种族/民族（包括均质和异质成分）和SES（低，中和高）分层的80个芝加哥社区中选择了7年龄的儿童和青少年。在我们的研究中选择的队列在第一波时为6、9、12和15（n = 3,323）。衡量了四种类型的ETV：亲子身体侵略，配偶间暴力，社区中的暴力行为被主要照顾者和儿童评级，以及家人和朋友自杀。焦点儿童和青少年的结果包括情感和行为问题，学术功能以及成年过渡。儿童及其家人和社区的特征将同时考虑。我们的分析计划包括使用多层次模型，这些模型非常适合研究嵌套在家庭和社区中的儿童以及纵向生长曲线和发展轨迹模型，这些模型从多个时间点利用了数据。该研究具有四个主要研究目的：1）在多个分析级别（例如，邻里，家庭和个人）中测量儿童期和青春期的ETV，并随着时间的流逝而动态； 2）检查儿童和青春期ETV的多级相关性和原因； 3）检查ETV在儿童和青少年生活中的一系列后果既同时又纵向； 4）在上下文和发育敏感的介体和ETV对儿童和青少年结果的影响的主持人中检查多层次。