Parenting and Adolescent Risk Behaviors in Context

育儿和青少年风险行为的背景

• 批准号: 7632739
• 负责人: JEANNE BROOKS-GUNN
• 金额: $ 33.58万
• 依托单位: COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY TEACHERS COLLEGE
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2009-08-15 至 2011-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7632739
• 关键词: Address; Adolescence; Adolescent; Adolescent Behavior; Adolescent Development; Adolescent Risk Behavior; Adverse effects; Affect; Age; Alcohol or Other Drugs use; Behavior; Behavior Therapy; Buffers; Characteristics; Chicago; Conflict (Psychology); Crime; Data; Disease; Distal; Effectiveness of Interventions; Family; Family dynamics; Functional disorder; Future; Health; Human Development; Individual; Intervention; Interview; Light; Neighborhoods; Parenting behavior; Parents; Poverty; Public Health; Research; Research Design; Research Personnel; Resources; Risk; Risk Behaviors; Risk Factors; Sampling; Social support; Sum; Support System; Surveys; Systems Analysis; Time; Training; behavior change; depression; high risk sexual behavior; improved; innovation; multilevel analysis; peer; prevent; protective effect; residence; sex risk; social; socioeconomics; therapy design

Interventions designed to reduce adolescent health risks often target parenting and family functioning. However, an ecological approach would suggest that interventions aimed at improving family functioning that exclusively target the family may be less efficient than interventions that target the contexts that give rise to family dysfunction. In keeping with this perspective, and in light of growing evidence that neighborhood residence has significant implications for family dynamics and adolescent health, the proposed study will examine adolescent health risk behaviors and their familial antecedents in the context of neighborhoods. Using data from the Project on Human Development in Chicago Neighborhoods (PHDCN) — an innovative study designed specifically to study adolescent development in the context of urban neighborhoods — we will address the following research questions using multilevel modeling: (1) Does neighborhood disorganization (e.g., poverty, crime, social disorder) predict adolescent health risk behaviors (substance use, delinquency, risky sexual behavior)? Does family dysfunction (ineffective parenting, family conflict, parent depression, parent health risk behaviors) explain associations between neighborhood disorganization and adolescent health risk behaviors? (2) Do contextual supports (peer social support and institutional resources) provide a buffer against the adverse effects of neighborhood disorganization on family functioning? (3) Do contextual supports (neighborhood collective efficacy, extra-familial social support, institutional resources) provide a buffer against the adverse effects of family dysfunction on adolescent health risk behaviors? In sum, the proposed study will examine three contextual domains that could potentially be targeted in future interventions: neighborhood disorganization, parents’ support systems, and adolescents’ support systems. The sample is a socioeconomically and racially/ethnically diverse group of adolescents from Chicago (n = 2,344). Adolescents, who were aged 9, 12 or 15 at baseline, and their parents were interviewed 3 times over 6 years. Neighborhood-level information comes from a separate survey of residents, as well as observational ratings made by trained data collectors.

旨在降低青少年健康风险的干预措施通常针对育儿和家庭功能。 但是，一种生态学方法表明，旨在改善家庭功能的干预措施 独家针对家庭的效率可能不如针对产生背景的干预措施 家庭功能障碍。鉴于越来越多的证据表明邻里 居住对家庭动态和青少年健康具有重要意义，拟议的研究将 考试青少年的健康风险行为及其在社区背景下的家庭前提。使用 来自芝加哥社区（PHDCN）的人类发展项目的数据 - 一项创新研究 专门为研究城市社区背景下的青少年发展而设计的 - 我们将 使用多层次建模解决以下研究问题：（1）邻里混乱 （例如，贫困，犯罪，社会障碍）预测青少年健康风险行为（毒品使用，犯罪， 有风险的性行为）？家庭功能障碍（无效的育儿，家庭冲突，父母抑郁症， 父母健康风险行为）解释邻里混乱与青少年之间的关联 健康风险行为？ （2）做上下文支持（同伴社会支持和机构资源）提供了 缓冲区抵制邻里混乱对家庭功能的不利影响？ （3）进行上下文 支持（邻里集体效率，家庭外社会支持，机构资源）提供缓冲区 反对家庭功能障碍对青少年健康风险行为的不利影响？总而言之 研究将研究三个有可能针对以后干预措施的上下文领域： 邻里混乱，父母的支持系统和青少年的支持系统。样本是 来自芝加哥的社会经济和种族/种族多样化的青少年群体（n = 2,344）。青少年， 基线时9岁，12岁或15岁的人，他们的父母在6年内接受了3次采访。 邻里级别的信息来自对居民的单独调查以及观察等级的调查 由训练有素的数据收集器制造。