Dissecting the visuomotor circuit for saccadic suppression in the superior colliculus

解剖上丘眼跳抑制的视觉运动回路

• 批准号: 10816378
• 负责人: Joshua B Hunt
• 金额: $ 3.59万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF COLORADO DENVER
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2022-09-01 至 2026-04-30
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10816378
• 关键词: Affect; Animals; Attention; Ballistics; Behavior; Brain; Calcium; Dedications; Diagnosis; Disease; Electrophysiology (science); Environment; Eye; Eye Movements; Generations; Genetic; Goals; Head; Human; Image; Injury; Interneurons; Investigation; Midbrain structure; Modification; Molecular; Motion; Motor; Motor Activity; Movement; Mus; Neurologic; Neurons; Ocular Motility Disorders; Output; Patients; Perception; Photic Stimulation; Population; Public Health; Rehabilitation therapy; Research; Retina; Retinal Ganglion Cells; Role; Saccades; Shapes; Signal Transduction; Site; Source; Stimulus; Structure; Syndrome; System; Testing; Time; Vision; Visual; Visual Motion; Visual Perception; Visual System; active vision; awake; cell type; density; desensitization; experience; experimental study; extracellular; gaze; improved; in vivo; neural; neural circuit; neural correlate; oculomotor; optogenetics; programs; response; superior colliculus Corpora quadrigemina; tool; two photon microscopy; two-photon; visual motor; visual processing; visual stimulus

PROJECT SUMMARY Many species, including mice, use ballistic reorienting movements called saccades to actively explore their environment for salient stimuli. Saccades result in a transient modification of visual perception such that it becomes difficult to see visual stimuli which appear around the time of saccades. This phenomenon is called saccadic suppression and it is associated with a decrease in neural activity across the visual system. Converging lines of evidence show that this neural correlate of saccadic suppression arises from a combination of visual and premotor mechanisms. Several studies have shown that the simulating the self-generated motion associated with saccades is sufficient to reduce visual sensitivity in the retina and reproduces the perceptual deficits associated with actual saccades. Complementary studies have hypothesized that the saccade motor plan is broadcast to the visual system where it is used to suppress visual activity during the peri-saccadic epoch. This is supported by studies which demonstrate the persistence of saccadic suppression under conditions which minimize or preclude the effect of visual mechanisms. In this proposal, we seek to understand how the visual and premotor components of saccadic suppression are implemented by neural circuits. We will focus our investigation on the midbrain superior colliculus (SC), a visuomotor brain structure which has long been suspected as the source of a corollary discharge that suppresses visual activity around the time of saccades. We would like to add to this idea that the visual output of the retina is itself modulated by saccades. We hypothesize that a corollary discharge of premotor activity in the SC and the peri-saccadic modulation of retinal signals cooperate to produce suppression of visual activity in the superficial layers of the SC around the time of saccades. In Aim 1 of the proposal, we will dissect the premotor circuitry in the SC using optogenetics, chemogenetics, and high-density in vivo recordings of single-unit activity while mice make saccades. In Aim 2 of this proposal, we will examine SC-projecting retinal ganglion cells for peri-saccadic modulation using two-photon calcium imaging and naturalistic visual stimulation. Public health significance. This proposal aims to understand how saccadic suppression is implemented by dissecting the visual and premotor circuitry in the midbrain SC. This research will advance our understanding of the neural basis for stable and continuous visual perception across saccades which is critical for the conduct of normal visual behavior. In addition, this research could lead to improvements in the diagnosis and treatment of injury and diseases which affect the oculomotor system.

项目摘要 许多物种，包括小鼠，都使用称为扫视的弹道重定位运动来积极探索他们的 显着刺激的环境。扫视导致视觉感知的短暂修改，以便 很难看到扫视时期出现的视觉刺激。这种现象称为 Saccadic抑制，并且与视觉系统中神经活动的降低有关。融合 证据表明，这种神经抑制的神经相关性是由视觉和 前机制。几项研究表明，模拟自我生成的运动相关的 使用扫视足以降低视网膜中的视觉敏感性并再现感知缺陷 与实际的扫视有关。互补研究假设扫视运动计划是 向视觉系统广播，该系统用于抑制 - 检查时期的视觉活动。这 由研究证明在条件下表现出saccadic抑制的持续性的研究支持 最小化或排除视觉机制的影响。在此提案中，我们试图了解视觉 神经回路实施了saccadic抑制的前组成部分。我们将集中精力 对中脑上丘（SC）的调查，这是一种长期以来的视觉运动大脑结构 涉嫌作为推论排放的来源，可以抑制扫视时间周围的视觉活动。 我们想补充一下，视网膜的视觉输出本身是由扫视调节的。我们 假设在SC和旁观调节中的前运动前活性的推论排放 视网膜信号合作，在SC的表面层中产生视觉活动的抑制 大约在扫视时期。在提案的AIM 1中，我们将使用SC中的前电路剖析 小鼠的光遗传学，化学遗传学和单单位活性的体内记录中的高密度记录 扫视。在该提案的AIM 2中，我们将检查SC射击的视网膜神经节细胞中的围场。 使用两光子钙成像和自然主义视觉刺激进行调节。公共卫生意义。这 建议旨在通过剖析视觉和前者来了解如何实现saccadic抑制 中脑SC中的电路。这项研究将促进我们对稳定和稳定神经基础的理解 跨扫视的连续视觉感知对于正常视觉行为的行为至关重要。在 此外，这项研究可能会改善损伤和疾病的诊断和治疗 影响动眼系统。