The molecular basis of fatty acid taste in Aedes aegypti

埃及伊蚊脂肪酸味道的分子基础

• 批准号: 10679953
• 负责人: Angela Elisa Morales
• 金额: $ 3.68万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA SANTA BARBARA
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2023-02-06 至 2025-02-05
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10679953
• 关键词: Aedes; Animals; Behavior; Behavioral; Behavioral Assay; Bite; Blood; Calcium; Cues; Culicidae; Data; Dengue; Desire for food; Detection; Dietary Component; Dietary Fats; Disease; Disease Vectors; Drosophila genus; Drosophila melanogaster; Economic Burden; Electrophysiology (science); Esthesia; Fatty Acids; Fatty acid glycerol esters; G-Protein-Coupled Receptors; Goals; Health; Healthcare Systems; Homologous Gene; Human; Image; In Vitro; Individual; Insect Bites; Insecta; Invertebrates; Mediating; Modality; Molecular; Molecular Target; Morbidity - disease rate; Mosquito-borne infectious disease; Natural Compound; Neurons; Opsin; Organ; Pain; Painless; Partner in relationship; Peripheral; Persons; Phospholipase; Phospholipase C; Play; Role; Sensory; Series; Skin; Source; TRP channel; Taste Perception; Testing; Time; Virus; egg; experimental study; feeding; improved; insect disease vector; insight; model organism; mortality; mutant; patch clamp; preference; receptor; response; sugar; taste system; transmission process; vector; vector control

Abstract Mosquito bites are not simply an itchy annoyance- diseases spread through mosquito bites are a leading cause of morbidity and mortality each year and impose a heavy economic burden on healthcare systems around the world. When an insect disease vector lands on a host, it uses contact chemosensation, or taste, to inform its decision to bite and thereby spread disease. Insect repellants that function to disrupt sensation of taste cues, including DEET, have proven effective as antifeedants but are not without significant limitations. Many biting insects, including the dengue vector Aedes (Ae.)aegypti, show a greater reduction in biting and blood feeding when presented with fatty acids (FAs), the palatable component of dietary fats, than with DEET. In spite of findings like this, the receptor mechanisms employed in mosquito taste, including FA taste, are largely unknown and remain unexplored. Many taste modalities have been studied extensively in Drosophila melanogaster, which is a dipteran relative of Ae. aegypti, yet the molecular requirements for FA taste are unresolved. To this effect, we propose to employ our recent findings in the powerful model organism Drosophila to identify the currently unknown cellular and receptor mechanisms underlying FA taste in Ae. aegypti. In Drosophila, low concentrations of FAs are attractive, while high concentrations are aversive. In addition to recent evidence that gustatory attraction to low concentrations of FAs is conferred by a specific subset of gustatory receptor neurons (GRNs) and requires phospholipase C, data from our lab suggest requirements for a G-protein coupled receptor (GPCR) and a TRP channel. In addition to its role in attraction, the TRP channel is also required for aversion. Our preliminary results show for the first time that Ae. aegypti displays bimodal attraction and aversion to FAs. In addition, Ae. aegypti encodes homologs for the candidate FA receptors identified in Drosophila. The aims of this proposal will build on preliminary findings in Ae. aegypti. The goal of Aim #1 is to identify the range of relevant FA concentrations that impact biting and blood feeding in Ae. aegypti and define the role of taste in controlling the bimodal FA responses. In Aim #2 we will test the taste requirement for an Ae. aegypti TRP channel homolog and candidate GPCRs in attraction and aversion towards FAs. By identifying the receptor mechanisms for FA detection, this proposal offers to not only improve our understanding of a poorly defined insect taste modality but also to identify specific targets for improved insect repellants.

抽象的 蚊子叮咬不仅是一种发痒的烦恼 - 通过蚊子叮咬传播的疾病是领先的 每年发病和死亡率的原因，并对医疗保健系统施加沉重的经济负担 世界各地。当昆虫疾病媒介降落在宿主上时，它会使用接触化学敏度或品味 告知其决定咬人并从而传播疾病。驱虫剂的作用会破坏 口味提示，包括DEET，已被证明是抗肌肉的有效，但并非没有明显的局限性。 许多咬人的昆虫，包括登革热媒介（Ae。 当脂肪酸（FAS）（饮食脂肪的可口成分）出现时，血液喂养比DEET。 尽管有这样的发现，但包括FA口味在内的蚊子味中采用的受体机制是 在很大程度上未知，尚未探索。在果蝇中已经广泛研究了许多味道模式 Melanogaster，是AE的双翅目亲戚。埃及，但是FA口味的分子要求是 未解决。为此，我们建议在强大的模型有机体中使用我们的最新发现 果蝇确定AE中FA味道的当前未知的细胞和受体机制。 埃及。在果蝇中，低浓度的FA具有吸引力，而高浓度则厌恶。在 最近的证据表明，特定的味道吸引低浓度的FAS 味觉受体神经元（GRN）的子集并需要磷脂酶C，我们实验室的数据表明 G蛋白耦合受体（GPCR）和TRP通道的要求。除了它在吸引力中的作用外， 厌恶也需要TRP通道。我们的初步结果首次表明AE。埃及 显示双峰吸引力和对FAS的厌恶。另外，AE。埃及编码候选人的同源物 FA受体在果蝇中鉴定出来。该提案的目的将基于AE的初步发现。埃及。 AIM＃1的目标是确定影响咬人和血液进食的相关FA浓度的范围 Ae。埃及并定义了口味在控制双峰FA反应中的作用。在AIM＃2中，我们将测试口味 要求AE。 Aegypti TRP通道同源物和候选GPCR在吸引和厌恶中 fas。通过识别FA检测的受体机制，该建议不仅提供了改善我们的 了解昆虫味道较差的方式，同时还要确定改善昆虫的特定靶标 驱虫剂。