Estimating the Impact of Structural Factorson HIV Transmission: A Multi-agent Spatial Simulation Modeling Study

估计结构因素对 HIV 传播的影响：多主体空间模拟建模研究

• 批准号: 10547975
• 负责人: Shayla Nolen
• 金额: $ 4.68万
• 依托单位: BROWN UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2022-07-01 至 2024-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10547975
• 关键词: Adult; Affect; African American; African American population; American; Behavior; Black American; Black Populations; Caring; Characteristics; Cities; Communities; Complex; Data; Development; Disadvantaged; Epidemic; Exposure to; Foundations; Geography; Goals; HIV; HIV Infections; HIV diagnosis; HIV risk; Health care facility; Heterosexuals; Homelessness; Housing; Human immunodeficiency virus test; Imprisonment; Incidence; Individual; Infrastructure; Intervention; Lead; Medical; Methods; Modeling; Neighborhoods; Outcome; Persons; Philadelphia; Policies; Population; Poverty; Probability; Public Health; Race; Research; Resources; Risk Behaviors; Social Work; Socioeconomic Factors; Structure; Study models; Surveillance Program; Taxes; Testing; Time; United States; Work; base; black men; black women; health care availability; health goals; innovation; interest; low socioeconomic status; male; mathematical model; metropolitan; migration; model development; models and simulation; mortality; neighborhood disadvantage; research and development; residence; residential segregation; social; success; testing services; transmission process; treatment adherence; treatment services; trend; urban setting

PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT The disparity in HIV incidence rates between African Americans/Blacks and whites continues to grow. Interventions aimed towards reducing HIV incidence by changing individual-level behaviors have been implemented among African Americans/Blacks. Unfortunately, there has been little to no success in closing the gap between the two racial groups. Many studies have determined neighborhood-level factors (e.g., neighborhood disadvantage, poverty, and incarceration) significantly influence HIV-related risk behaviors, engagement in testing and treatment, and adherence to HIV care and mortality among African Americans/Blacks, especially those who identify as heterosexual. In this study, we will develop a multi-agent spatial simulation model that will estimate the effect of neighborhood-level factors such as neighborhood disadvantage and gentrification on HIV incidence among heterosexual African American/Black adults to develop interventions that can reduce transmission among this population. We will first implement spatial dynamics into an agent-based model to create the multi-agent spatial simulation model. We will then estimate the effect of neighborhood disadvantage on HIV incidence among heterosexual African American/Black adults. Next, we will evaluate the effect of migration and gentrification on HIV incidence within this population by integrating migration into the model. Using innovative methods such as multi-agent spatial simulation modeling, we will simulate the complex interactions between individual-level behaviors, networks, and neighborhoods for estimating the structural influence of HIV on a population level and test structural-level interventions. We will be the first to develop a spatially dynamic model for studying HIV among heterosexual African American/Black adults in an urban setting through the development of the model. This research will also be used as a framework for estimating structural influences on populations in different jurisdictions within the United States to reduce HIV-related disparities and the structures that allow it to prosper.

项目概要/摘要 非裔美国人/黑人和白人之间的艾滋病毒发病率差距继续扩大 生长。旨在通过改变个人行为来降低艾滋病毒发病率的干预措施 已在非裔美国人/黑人中实施。不幸的是，几乎没有什么可做的 未能成功缩小两个种族群体之间的差距。许多研究已经确定 社区层面的因素（例如，社区劣势、贫困和监禁） 显着影响艾滋病毒相关的风险行为、检测和治疗的参与度，以及 非裔美国人/黑人，尤其是那些 认定自己是异性恋。在本研究中，我们将开发一个多智能体空间模拟模型 将估计邻里层面因素的影响，例如邻里劣势和 中产阶级化对异性恋非洲裔美国人/黑人成年人艾滋病毒发病率的影响有待发展 可以减少该人群中传播的干预措施。我们首先会实现空间 将动力学转化为基于主体的模型，以创建多主体空间模拟模型。我们将 然后估计邻里劣势对异性恋者艾滋病毒发病率的影响 非裔美国人/黑人成年人。接下来，我们将评估移民和绅士化对人口的影响。 通过将移民纳入模型，得出该人群中的艾滋病毒发病率。采用创新的 多智能体空间模拟建模等方法，我们将模拟复杂的 个人层面的行为、网络和邻里之间的相互作用，用于估计 艾滋病毒对人口水平的结构性影响并测试结构水平的干预措施。我们将会 第一个开发空间动态模型来研究非洲异性恋艾滋病毒的人 通过模型的开发，城市环境中的美国/黑人成年人。这项研究 还将用作估计对不同地区人口的结构性影响的框架 美国境内的司法管辖区旨在减少与艾滋病毒相关的差异，并建立允许 使其繁荣。