Intense Noise Exposure Impacts Performance of Vestibular Dependent Behaviors

强烈的噪音暴露会影响前庭依赖性行为的表现

• 批准号: 10663836
• 负责人: Richard Altschuler
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: VETERANS HEALTH ADMINISTRATION
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2020-09-01 至 2024-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10663836
• 关键词: Acceleration; Accidents; Action Potentials; Address; Adult; Age; Aging; Air; Aircraft; Animal Model; Attenuated; Audiology; Auditory; Axon; Behavior; Cells; Cessation of life; Clinical; Complex; Data; Development; Disease; Elderly; Equilibrium; Evoked Potentials; Explosion; Exposure to; Frequencies; Functional disorder; Goals; Grant; Hair Cells; Head; Health; Hearing; Helicopter; Human; Impairment; Labyrinth; Lead; Life; Locomotion; Loudness; Military Personnel; Modeling; Movement; Musculoskeletal Equilibrium; Nature; Neck; Noise; Noise-Induced Hearing Loss; Occupational; Patients; Pattern; Performance; Peripheral; Pharmaceutical Preparations; Physiology; Population; Public Health; Publishing; Quality of life; Rattus; Recovery; Reflex action; Rehabilitation therapy; Reporting; Research; Risk Factors; Sensory; Services; Signal Transduction; Stains; Synapses; Temporary Threshold Shift; Time; United States; Vestibular Nerve; Vestibular loss; Veterans; Vision; Visual; Visual Acuity; active duty; age related; attenuation; auditory threshold shift; behavioral impairment; career; cochlear synaptopathy; equilibration disorder; excitotoxicity; experience; experimental study; fall risk; falls; gaze; hearing impairment; hidden hearing loss; insight; military service; noise exposure; posture instability; preservation; response; sound; time use; vestibular reflex; vestibulo-ocular reflex

Abstract Military personnel are exposed to intense noise during their active duty careers from weaponry, explosions and military vehicles such as tanks, helicopters and other aircraft. Exposure to intense noise causes hearing loss and may also cause vestibular dysfunction. Although hearing loss and cochlear synaptopathy are well studied, peripheral vestibular synaptopathy and vestibular dysfunction are less often studied and poorly characterized. Furthermore, age related balance deficits are a significant public health problem for veterans in the United States. Agrawal et al. reported that 35% of adults older than 40 had evidence of postural instability and balance dysfunction increased with age so that by 80 years, 85% of adults reported balance problems. Vestibular dysfunction can increase the likelihood of falling; in the US falls are responsible for significant decrements in quality of life, and more than 50% of accidental deaths. Although the causes of postural instability are complex and multifactorial, several studies demonstrate a linkage between noise induced hearing loss and vestibular dysfunction in humans. Noise exposure as a risk factor for vestibular loss has obvious and significant veteran health implications, but there are few, if any studies that (1) provide insights into the physiology that underlies noise-induced vestibular loss and (2) provide guidance for preventative or rehabilitative strategies for veterans with balance disorders. The proposed studies will show in a rat model, that noise exposure at levels encountered by veterans during their military service and during daily life can cause vestibular dysfunction that includes deficits in vestibular reflexes and vestibular signaling that increase fall risk and reduce head stability and visual acuity during movement. We hypothesize that intense noise exposure sufficient to attenuate vestibular nerve responses to linear acceleration (as assessed by the Vestibular short latency Evoked Potential (VsEP) will also cause significant functional deficits in three vestibular dependent behaviors, (1) control of balance during locomotion; (2) deficits in vestibulocollic reflex function that reduce head stability; and (3) deficits in vestibulo-ocular reflex function sufficient to reduce visual acuity during locomotion. Specific Aim 1. Assess balance, head, and visual stability in rats exposed to intense noise sufficient to abolish VsEP responses for at least 28 days. We will use this time window to probe the time course and nature of deficits in vestibular dependent behaviors caused by noise exposure. Specific Aim 2A. Determine whether or not the same behaviors are impaired by a single noise exposure that induces temporary loss and recovery of VsEP responses within 28 days. This Aim will determine if there is a functional vestibular impact from a single noise exposure after which peripheral synapses and VsEP responses recover. Specific Aim 2B. Determine the extent to which and the time course over these behaviors are impaired by multiple noise exposures that initially induce temporary attenuations of VsEP responses. This Aim will determine the cumulative vestibular impact of repetitive noise exposures (as would typically be experienced by Veterans during their service years) on potential peripheral and central recovery mechanisms that can be targeted by rehabilitative strategies.

抽象的 在武器，爆炸和 坦克，直升机和其他飞机等军车。暴露于强烈的噪音会导致听力损失 并可能引起前庭功能障碍。尽管对听力丧失和人工耳蜗的突触病进行了充分的研究，但 周围前庭突触病和前庭功能障碍的研究频率较低，表征较差。 此外，与年龄相关的平衡缺陷是美国退伍军人的重大公共卫生问题。 Agrawal等。报道说，有35％的40岁成年人有姿势不稳和平衡的证据 功能障碍随着年龄的增长而增加，因此在80岁时，有85％的成年人报告了平衡问题。前庭 功能障碍会增加跌倒的可能性；在美国，瀑布负责大大减少 生活质量，超过50％的意外死亡。尽管姿势不稳的原因很复杂 和多因素的多项研究表明，噪声引起的听力损失与前庭之间有联系 人类功能障碍。噪音暴露是前庭损失的危险因素 健康的影响，但很少有（如果有（1）的研究提供对基础生理学的见解 噪声引起的前庭损失和（2）为退伍军人提供预防或康复策略的指导 存在平衡障碍。拟议的研究将在大鼠模型中显示，遇到水平的噪声暴露 退伍军人在兵役期间和日常生活中可能引起前庭功能障碍，其中包括 前庭反射和前庭信号的缺陷，增加了跌落风险并降低头部稳定性和视觉 运动过程中的敏锐度。 我们假设强烈的噪声暴露足以减弱前庭神经对线性的反应 加速度（通过前庭短潜伏期诱发的潜力（VSEP）评估也将引起重大 三种前庭依赖行为的功能缺陷，（1）在运动过程中控制平衡； （2）缺陷 在降低头部稳定性的前庭反射功能中； （3）前庭 - 眼反射功能的缺陷 足以在运动过程中降低视力。 特定目标1。评估暴露于强烈噪音的大鼠的平衡，头部和视觉稳定性，足以废除 VSEP响应至少28天。我们将使用此时间窗口来探究时间课程和性质 由噪声暴露引起的前庭依赖行为的缺陷。特定目标2a。确定是否或 单个噪声暴露会损害相同的行为，从而导致暂时丢失和恢复 VSEP在28天内做出回应。这个目标将确定单个的功能前庭影响 噪声暴露，之后外围突触和VSEP响应恢复。特定目标2B。决定 这些行为的时间和时间过程的程度以及多种噪声暴露损害 最初会引起VSEP响应的暂时衰减。这个目标将决定累积前庭 重复性噪声暴露的影响（通常是退伍军人在服役期间经历的） 关于可以通过康复策略来针对的潜在外围和中央恢复机制。