Thalamortical processing of visual information during alert and non-alert brain states

大脑警觉和非警觉状态下丘脑对视觉信息的处理

基本信息

批准号：
10200061
负责人：
HARVEY A SWADLOW
金额：
$ 39.04万
依托单位：
UNIVERSITY OF CONNECTICUT STORRS
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2018
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2018-09-30 至 2023-06-30
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10200061
关键词：
Accidents Action Potentials Address Affect Anesthesia procedures Animals Arousal Attention Axon Behavior Disorders Behavioral Biological Models Brain Cells Clinical Research Computer Models Dependence Disease Electric Stimulation Electroencephalography Electrophysiology (science)Event Eye Frequencies Future Generations Health Human Interneurons Investigation Lateral Geniculate Body Life Measures Membrane Potentials Mental Health Nature Neurons Noise Operant Conditioning Oryctolagus cuniculus Output Pathway interactions Perception Play Population Process Property Psyche structure Research Resistance Sensory Signal Transduction Sleep Stimulus Structure Synapses Synaptic Transmission System Testing Thalamic structure Time V1 neuron Visual Visual Cortex Visual Perception Work alertness area V1 auditory stimulus awake base cell type cognitive process corticogeniculate excitatory neuron experimental study feature detection information processing inhibitory neuron processing speed response vigilance visual information visual performance visual processing visual stimulus

项目摘要

This proposal aims to understand the changes in visual processing that occur when subjects shift between alert and non-alert waking states. While great advances have been made in understanding central mechanisms of visual perception of alert, attentive subjects, there is little understanding of cortical processes that come into play when alertness wanes. The awake, non-alert state is not equivalent to anesthesia, or to sleep states. When non-alert, we are capable of perception, but our perceptual capacities differ. It is commonly believed that "accidents happen" when we are not alert, but the extent to which early thalamic or visual cortical mechanisms may be responsible for this (as opposed to higher cognitive processes) is an open question. This proposal relies on a unique model system that is very well-suited to address this question: the awake rabbit, an animal who's "inner mental life" transparently and frequently shifts between alert and nonalert EEG-defined states, and who's stable eyes and diffident nature make it an ideal subject for these experiments. The proposed research will examine how changes in the brain state of awake subjects influence the multiple, sequential stages of information processing that occur within the visual thalamocortical, intracortical, and cortical output networks. The experiments will compare state dependent changes in the visual response properties of excitatory and inhibitory neurons at the input layer and within several output systems of the cortex and will investigate the underlying mechanisms leading to these changes, at the subthreshold and spiking level. This work will lead to a better understanding of cortical mechanisms of visual processing in a dynamic, awake brain. From a health perspective, these studies will have an important impact on our understanding of how alertness/vigilance deficits can impact visual perception and performance, and will provide the basis for future clinical studies of human mental health and behavioral disorders.

该建议旨在了解当受试者在警报和非出版物醒来的状态。尽管在理解视觉的中心机制方面已取得了巨大进步对警觉，专注主题的看法，对皮质过程几乎没有理解机敏衰落。清醒的非遗嘱状态不等于麻醉或睡眠状态。当非武器时，我们能够感知，但我们的感知能力有所不同。人们普遍认为“事故发生” 当我们不警觉，而是丘脑早期或视觉皮质机制的范围这（与更高的认知过程相反）是一个悬而未决的问题。该建议依赖于独特的模型系统这非常适合解决这个问题：醒目的兔子，一种透明的“内心心理生活”的动物并经常在警报和非脑电图之间转移，谁是稳定的眼睛和不同的性质使其成为这些实验的理想主题。拟议的研究将研究大脑状态的变化醒来的主题影响视觉中发生的多个信息处理的顺序阶段丘脑皮质，心脏内和皮质输出网络。实验将比较依赖状态的变化在输入层的兴奋性和抑制神经元的视觉响应特性中，在几个输出中皮层系统，并将调查导致这些变化的潜在机制和尖峰水平。这项工作将使人们对视觉处理的皮质机制有更好的了解动态，清醒的大脑。从健康的角度来看，这些研究将对我们对如何理解产生重要影响机敏/警惕性赤字会影响视觉感知和表现，并为未来提供基础人类心理健康和行为障碍的临床研究。