Thalamortical processing of visual information during alert and non-alert brain states

大脑警觉和非警觉状态下丘脑对视觉信息的处理

基本信息

批准号：
10200061
负责人：
HARVEY A SWADLOW
金额：
$ 39.04万
依托单位：
UNIVERSITY OF CONNECTICUT STORRS
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2018
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2018-09-30 至 2023-06-30
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10200061
关键词：
Accidents Action Potentials Address Affect Anesthesia procedures Animals Arousal Attention Axon Behavior Disorders Behavioral Biological Models Brain Cells Clinical Research Computer Models Dependence Disease Electric Stimulation Electroencephalography Electrophysiology (science)Event Eye Frequencies Future Generations Health Human Interneurons Investigation Lateral Geniculate Body Life Measures Membrane Potentials Mental Health Nature Neurons Noise Operant Conditioning Oryctolagus cuniculus Output Pathway interactions Perception Play Population Process Property Psyche structure Research Resistance Sensory Signal Transduction Sleep Stimulus Structure Synapses Synaptic Transmission System Testing Thalamic structure Time V1 neuron Visual Visual Cortex Visual Perception Work alertness area V1 auditory stimulus awake base cell type cognitive process corticogeniculate excitatory neuron experimental study feature detection information processing inhibitory neuron processing speed response vigilance visual information visual performance visual processing visual stimulus

项目摘要

This proposal aims to understand the changes in visual processing that occur when subjects shift between alert and non-alert waking states. While great advances have been made in understanding central mechanisms of visual perception of alert, attentive subjects, there is little understanding of cortical processes that come into play when alertness wanes. The awake, non-alert state is not equivalent to anesthesia, or to sleep states. When non-alert, we are capable of perception, but our perceptual capacities differ. It is commonly believed that "accidents happen" when we are not alert, but the extent to which early thalamic or visual cortical mechanisms may be responsible for this (as opposed to higher cognitive processes) is an open question. This proposal relies on a unique model system that is very well-suited to address this question: the awake rabbit, an animal who's "inner mental life" transparently and frequently shifts between alert and nonalert EEG-defined states, and who's stable eyes and diffident nature make it an ideal subject for these experiments. The proposed research will examine how changes in the brain state of awake subjects influence the multiple, sequential stages of information processing that occur within the visual thalamocortical, intracortical, and cortical output networks. The experiments will compare state dependent changes in the visual response properties of excitatory and inhibitory neurons at the input layer and within several output systems of the cortex and will investigate the underlying mechanisms leading to these changes, at the subthreshold and spiking level. This work will lead to a better understanding of cortical mechanisms of visual processing in a dynamic, awake brain. From a health perspective, these studies will have an important impact on our understanding of how alertness/vigilance deficits can impact visual perception and performance, and will provide the basis for future clinical studies of human mental health and behavioral disorders.

该提案旨在了解当受试者在警觉和警觉之间转变时视觉处理发生的变化非警觉清醒状态。虽然在理解视觉的中心机制方面已经取得了巨大的进步对于警觉、专注的主体的感知，人们对在什么时候发挥作用的皮质过程知之甚少。警觉性减弱。清醒、非警觉状态并不等同于麻醉或睡眠状态。当我们不警觉的时候都有感知能力，但我们的感知能力有所不同。人们普遍认为“意外发生” 当我们不警觉时，但早期丘脑或视觉皮层机制可能在多大程度上负责这是一个悬而未决的问题（相对于更高的认知过程）。该提案依赖于独特的模型系统这非常适合回答这个问题：醒着的兔子，一种透明地拥有“内在精神生活”的动物并经常在脑电图定义的警觉和非警觉状态之间转换，以及谁的眼睛稳定和性格内向使其成为这些实验的理想对象。拟议的研究将检查大脑状态如何变化清醒受试者的影响视觉中发生的信息处理的多个连续阶段丘脑皮质、皮质内和皮质输出网络。实验将比较状态相关的变化输入层和多个输出层的兴奋性和抑制性神经元的视觉反应特性皮层系统，并将在阈下研究导致这些变化的潜在机制和尖峰水平。这项工作将有助于更好地理解视觉处理的皮层机制。充满活力、清醒的大脑。从健康的角度来看，这些研究将对我们理解如何警觉性/警觉性缺陷会影响视觉感知和表现，并将为未来奠定基础人类心理健康和行为障碍的临床研究。